Fatigue Behavior of Friction Stir Welded Joints of Pure Copper with Ultra-fine Grains

Salahi, Salar; Yapıcı, Güney Güven

doi:10.1016/j.mspro.2015.11.097

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…A lower traverse speed value increases the amount of heat generated during the FSW process which has a direct impact on the lower hardness in the TMAZ and is manifested by a flatter microhardness profile for speeds of 60 and 40 mm/min ( Figure 6). These trends, although widely shown in the literature [13,15,16,25], are contrary to other available data [26][27][28] showing that microhardness of the FSW copper joints increasing over the level related to the base material. For example, in the work of Berenji [26], for pure copper plates with the same thickness as those described in this paper (5 mm) and with very similar tool geometry and nearly the same rotation speed (600 rpm), a consistent increase of microhardness in the weld zone, over 75 HV for base material, was observed only when the traverse speed was above 25 mm/min.…”

Section: Microhardness Tests and Metallographic Analysiscontrasting

confidence: 91%

“…The tensile curves (σ-engineering stress; ε-engineering strain) for solid samples, including the base material specimens (specimens TBM), loaded parallel and perpendicularly to the rolling This figure also presents the representative microstructure images of the weld nugget, heat affected zone and base material for a joint welded at a speed of V = 80 mm/min. For this V-speed value, the profile of microhardness had a characteristic "W" shape ( Figure 6) which is typical for most FSW joints [13,[15][16][17][18]25]. For each of the traverse speeds used, a sudden decrease of microhardness in the HAZ was found.…”

Section: Monotonic Tests Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Available research papers concerning the impact of FSW parameters on the mechanical properties of copper FSW joints [11][12][13][14][15][16][25][26][27][28][29] usually focus on the microstructure, hardness profiles and static properties of joints. To the best knowledge of the authors, there are no publications on FSW copper joint properties which reference various joint orientation and/or fatigue properties.…”

Section: Fatigue Test Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The highest reported ratios of such obtained microhardness of weld zone over the microhardness of the base material were (in HV): 90/75 [26], 114/77 [27] and 105/60 [28]. It may be noted that increased microhardness in the region of the FSW joints was observed in the case of soft copper conditions (microhardness below 80 HV) [26][27][28], while base material under higher strain with microhardness of over 80 HV results in a drop in hardness in the welded zone [13,15,16,25] which was also confirmed by the results of this paper.…”

Section: Microhardness Tests and Metallographic Analysismentioning

confidence: 85%

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Effect of FSW Traverse Speed on Mechanical Properties of Copper Plate Joints

et al. 2020

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The paper describes the influence of the friction stir welding travel speed on the mechanical properties of the butt joints of copper plates. The results of static and fatigue tests of the base material (Cu-ETP R220) and welded specimens produced at various travel speeds were compared, considering a loading applied both parallel and perpendicularly to the rolling direction of the plates. The mechanical properties of the FSW joints were evaluated with respect to parameters of plates’ material in the delivery state and after recrystallisation annealing. The strength parameters of friction stir welding joints were compared with the data on tungsten inert gas welded joints of copper plates available in the literature. The results of microhardness tests and fractographic analysis of tested joints are also presented. Based on the above test results, it was shown that although in the whole range of considered traverse speeds (from 40 to 80 mm/min), comparable properties were obtained for FSW copper joints in terms of their visual and microstructural evaluation, their static and especially fatigue parameters were different, most apparent in the nine-fold greater observed average fatigue life. The fatigue tests turned out to be more sensitive criteria for evaluation of the FSW joints’ qualities.

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Section: Microhardness Tests and Metallographic Analysiscontrasting

confidence: 91%

Section: Monotonic Tests Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Fatigue Test Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Microhardness Tests and Metallographic Analysismentioning

confidence: 85%

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Effect of FSW Traverse Speed on Mechanical Properties of Copper Plate Joints

et al. 2020

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“…Other published reports on RFW tests were carried out on 316L UFG steel rods and showed quite a significant deterioration in mechanical properties, where the microhardness in the weld area dropped by 40% [16]. Other attempts at joining UFG copper were made using FSW [17], where significant grain growth and an associated decrease in hardness in the heat-affected zone were observed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid-state welding of ultrafine grained copper rods

Morawiński

Jasiński

Ciemiorek

et al. 2021

Archiv.Civ.Mech.Eng

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The article focuses on the Direct Drive Rotary Friction Welding of ultrafine-grained copper rods, which feature increased mechanical properties and good electrical properties, yet are limited in size. The use of UFG metals is often limited by the too small dimensions of semi-finished elements produced by SPD methods. Therefore, the production of finished machine parts from UFG metals is currently economically unjustified. Dismissal of dimensional limitations can be done by introducing joining to technological processes. The proposed joining method does not lead to a melting of the material in the joining zone or excessive degradation of the UFG microstructure. To obtain the best results, the research used the method of low-energy welding of two kinds of specimens: with a flat or a conical contact surface. In the article, the authors present, by means of metallographic microsections and microhardness measurements, the influence of rotational speed, welding pressure and conical shape contact surface on the quality of the obtained joints. The conducted research made it possible to obtain good quality joints whose microhardness is reduced only by about 10% in comparison with the base material and the tensile strength dropped from only 397–358 MPa.

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Friction welding of UFG copper using the W2Mi prototype machine

Morawiński,

Jasiński,

Goliński

et al. 2024

Arch. Civ. Mech. Eng.

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When welding ultra-fine-grained metals using conventional methods, the microstructure in the joint area is degraded (mainly due to recrystallization) in the heat-affected zone and a significant deterioration of mechanical properties, including joint strength. The aim of the research presented in this article was to identify the possibility of obtaining joints with strength close to initial material using friction welding of metal materials with ultra-fine grain. For this purpose, UFG (ultra-fine-grained) material was produced from technically pure M1Ez4 copper using a hybrid SPD (severe plastic deformation) process. The welding process was carried out on a machine with a prototype design that allows minimizing the welding time, while generating high force. The process parameters used on the prototype machine resulted in an increase in the hardness of the material by 4% in the joint area. The strength of the joint compared to the base material decreased slightly by 2%. The tests carried out proved that, using appropriate process parameters, it is possible to obtain a UFG metal joint without a decrease in its mechanical strength.

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Fatigue Behavior of Friction Stir Welded Joints of Pure Copper with Ultra-fine Grains

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

Effect of FSW Traverse Speed on Mechanical Properties of Copper Plate Joints

Effect of FSW Traverse Speed on Mechanical Properties of Copper Plate Joints

Solid-state welding of ultrafine grained copper rods

Friction welding of UFG copper using the W2Mi prototype machine

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