Fate of RDX and TNT in agronomic plants

Vila, M.; Lorber-Pascal, S.; Laurent, François

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2006.10.030

Cited by 73 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Explosives such as 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), [40,41] and chlorinated aliphatic compounds have physicochemical characteristics that make them suitable for phytoremediation. The halogenated solvent trichloroethylene (TCE; log K ow = 2.42) is metabolized by cultured cells of poplar (Populus spp.).…”

Section: Substrate Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoremediation of Organic Contaminants in Soil and Groundwater

2008

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Phytoremediation is an emerging technology for the clean-up of sites contaminated with hazardous chemicals. The term phytoremediation refers to a number of technologies that use photoautotrophic vascular plants for the remediation of sites contaminated with inorganic and organic contaminants. Phytoremediation of organic contaminants can be organized by considering 1) the green liver concept, which elucidates the metabolism of contaminants in planta versus that of contaminants ex planta (e.g. rhizosphere), 2) processes that lead to complete degradation (mineralization) of contaminants as opposed to those that only lead to partial degradation or transformation, and 3) active plant uptake versus passive processes (e.g. sorption). Understanding of these processes needs an interdisciplinary approach involving chemists, biologists, soil scientists, and environmentalists. This Review presents the basic concepts of phytoremediation of organic contaminants in soil and groundwater using selected contaminants as examples.

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Section: Substrate Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoremediation of Organic Contaminants in Soil and Groundwater

2008

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“…There are several studies which show that plants, in general, readily take up RDX and TNT. For example, recently Vila and others reported that agronomic plants (maize, soybean, wheat, and rice) could grow on soils containing RDX and TNT and were able to uptake these compounds (Vila et al 2007). In another recent study, it was reported that maize (Zea mays L.) and broad beans (Vicia faba L.) were able to remove TNT from soils (Van Dillewijn et al 2007).…”

Section: Phytoremediation: Detoxification Of Explosives By Plantsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Phytoremediation of Toxic Explosives

Lal¹,

Srivastava²

2010

Plant Adaptation and Phytoremediation

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Widespread contamination of the environment by explosives resulting from the manufacture, disposal and testing of munitions is becoming a matter of increasing concern. Most explosives are considered to be a major hazard to biological systems due to their toxic and mutagenic effects. Interest on the bioremediation of lands contaminated with explosives has recently been focused on phytoremediation. Unfortunately, whilst plants have many advantages for the remediation of contaminated land and water, they lack the catabolic versatility which enables microorganisms to mineralize such a wide diversity of xenobiotic compounds. This raised the interesting question as to whether the impressive biodegradative capabilities of soil bacteria could be combined with the high biomass and stability of plants to yield an optimal system for in situ bioremediation of explosive residues in soil. During the last few years, plants have been genetically modified to overcome the inherent limitation of plant detoxification capabilities, following a strategy similar to the development of transgenic crops. Bacterial genes encoding enzymes involved in the breakdown of explosives have been introduced in higher plants, resulting in significant enhancement of plant tolerance, uptake and detoxification performances. Transgenic plants exhibiting biodegradation capabilities of microorganisms bring the promise of an efficient and environmental-friendly technology for cleaning up polluted soils.

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“…RDX has been shown to be degraded by bacteria (Bhatt et al, 2005;Hawari et al, 2000;Vila et al, 2007) and fungi (Bhatt et al, 2006;Sheremata and Hawari, 2000), and taken up into freshwater fish (Belden et al, 2005b) and terrestrial biota (Just and Schnoor, 2004;Sarrazin et al, 2009;Vila et al, 2007), but few studies have discussed the fate of RDX in coastal marine biota or generally the fate of RDX in macrobiota after uptake. The previous use of 14 C and 15 N labeled RDX in aerobic bacterial or fungal studies have been useful in demonstrating mineralization to CO 2 and DIN (NO x , and N 2 O;Fournier et al, 2002;Sheremata and Hawari, 2000;Thompson et al, 2005).…”

Section: Rdx Uptake and Transformations In Biotamentioning

confidence: 99%