Fate and Transport of N‐Nitrosamines Under Conditions Simulating Full‐Scale Groundwater Recharge Operations

Abstract

The key objective of this study was to investigate the attenuation mechanisms of seven N-nitrosamine compounds at environmental concentrations and under conditions relevant to groundwater recharge operations. The study used a combination of controlled laboratory-scale soil-column experiments and groundwater monitoring at a full-scale riverbank filtration facility. Findings of the controlled column experiments suggest that N-nitrosodimethylamine and six other N-nitrosamines (N-nitrosodiethylamine, N-nitrosomethylethylamine, N-nitroso-n-propylamine, N-nitrosodi-nbutylamine, N-nitrosopiperidine, and N-nitrosopyrrolidine) are biodegradable under oxic and anoxic oxidation-reduction conditions. Half lives determined in this study for the targeted compounds varied between 1.3 and 7 days, which will ensure a removal to below detection limits (,2 ng/L) within short travel times in groundwater recharge systems. Findings of this study suggest that complete removal of N-nitrosamines requires the presence of an adapted biocommunity, which will be established over several weeks to months. Water Environ. Res., 78, 2466Res., 78, (2006.

Biotransformation of trace organic chemicals during groundwater recharge: How useful are first-order rate constants?

“…The ratio between UVA and DOC is defined as specific UV absorbance (SUVA). Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) with paired UVA and DOC detection was carried out to measure the molecular weight distribution of heterogeneous natural organic matter in aqueous samples using a LC-600 liquid chromatograph (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan) coupled with a SPD-10 A VP UV-vis detector (Shimadzu, Kyoto, Japan) (Drewes et al, 2006Rauch and Drewes, 2005). TOrC analysis by solid phase extraction (SPE) and high performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS-MS) was performed using isotope dilution (Teerlink et al, 2012).…”

An Inducible Propane Monooxygenase Is Responsible for N -Nitrosodimethylamine Degradation by Rhodococcus sp. Strain RHA1

“…The combination of high subsurface mobility coupled with poor attenuation by volatilization, sorption, and abiotic and biological processes (19) has resulted in groundwater plumes that contain measurable quantities of NDMA following decades and miles of subsurface propagation (31). Despite its recalcitrance in groundwater, it has recently been shown that NDMA can be attenuated in wastewater treatment systems (23) and soils (2,5,32), presumably through the involvement of microorganisms. This dichotomy between persistence and potential biodegradability necessitates a more detailed understanding of the biochemical mechanisms that contribute to NDMA degradation.…”

Transformation Products of Emerging Organic Compounds as Future Groundwater and Drinking Water Contaminants

“…However NDMA precursors can be very stable in effluent-dominated waters and result in unacceptable concentrations in disinfected water. Monitoring NDMA attenuation during groundwater recharge found half lives of 1.3 -7 days (Drewes et al, 2006). Richardson (2003) found that the change from disinfection with chlorine to ozone and chloramines can increase levels of other potentially toxic by-products, e.g.…”