Fatal unintentional intoxications with tramadol during 1995–2005

Tjäderborn, Micaela; Jönsson, Anna K.; Hägg, Staffan; Ahlner, Johan

doi:10.1016/j.forsciint.2007.02.007

Cited by 88 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The mean ingestion dose in males and females were reported 2413 and 1706 mg, respectively, which went well with our study's results [5]. During two-yr study, only one patient (0.29%) out of completely poisoned patients died eventually which was less than some other studies [18][19][20].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Respiratory Apnea in Patients with Acute Poisoning by Tramadol (Two Years Study)

Taheri

Dorooshi

Afzali

2018

IJT

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Respiratory Apnea in Patients with Acute Poisoning by Tramadol (Two Years Study)

Taheri

Dorooshi

Afzali

2018

IJT

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“…However, tramadol presented a very low falsification ratio in view of its level of use in the population. In Sweden, tramadol abuse was reported to be associated with prescription forgeries and a number of unintentional deaths [40] in the years 1995-2005. In a recent study using pharmacovigilance data, 104 reports of tramadol dependence were identified from 1995 to 2006, corresponding to 0.5 reported cases per million defined daily doses sold per annum in Sweden [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A European Community Pharmacy-Based Survey to Investigate Patterns of Prescription Fraud through Identification of Falsified Prescriptions

Lapeyre‐Mestre

Gony²,

Carvajal³

et al. 2014

Eur Addict Res

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Aim: To identify prescription drugs involved in falsified prescriptions in community pharmacies in 6 European countries. Methods: A cross-sectional survey among 2,105 community pharmacies in Belgium, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain and Sweden was carried out to collect all suspect prescription forms. For each reported drug, the number of reported falsified prescriptions per thousand inhabitants was estimated. A falsification ratio was calculated by dividing the number of reports by the number of defined daily doses per 1,000 inhabitants per day for this drug, computed from national sale or reimbursement data. Results: On 862 prescription forms, benzodiazepines (zolpidem, bromazepam, alprazolam), buprenorphine (as an opioid maintenance drug) and tramadol were the most frequently reported. Depending on their level of use in each country, methylphenidate, morphine and flunitrazepam presented the highest falsification ratios, particularly in Spain, Belgium and France. Conclusions: Stimulants, opioids and some benzodiazepines were the most frequently reported drugs in this survey on falsified prescriptions, but differences between countries were observed.

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“…Of subjects using tramadol, 40% had no ongoing prescribed treatment with the drug. The clinical utilization of tramadol and other opioid analgesics has increased markedly (Fischer et al, 2007;National Board of Health and Welfare, 2014;WHO, 2006;UN, 2014) and the diversion of tramadol has been debated (Tjäderborn et al, 2007, Winstock et al, 2014. In Sweden, in addition to the benzodiazepines, tramadol is one of the most commonly confiscated prescription drugs (Swedish Border Authority, 2014) and, as in some other countries, the drug is scheduled (MPA, 2007 and.…”

Section: Main Findings and Their Interpretationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-prescribed use of psychoactive prescription drugs among drug-impaired drivers in Sweden

Tjäderborn

Jönsson

Sandström

et al. 2016

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Aims: To determine the prevalence of non-prescribed drug use among subjects suspected of drug-impaired driving with a confirmed intake of a psychoactive prescription drug, and to identify associated factors. Methods:Subjects investigated for drug-impaired driving in Sweden during 2006-2009 with a confirmed intake of diazepam, flunitrazepam, tramadol, zolpidem or zopiclone were identified using the Swedish Forensic Toxicology Database. Information on dispensed prescription drugs was retrieved from the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register. Non-prescribed use was defined as a confirmed use of a psychoactive prescription drug intake confirmed by toxicological analysis in a subject by whom it was not dispensed in the 12 months preceding the sampling. Prevalence proportions were calculated for each drug and logistic regression was used to identify associated factors. Results: In total, 2225 subjects were included. The median age (range) was 34 (15-80) years and 1864 (83.8%) subjects were male. Non-prescribed use was found in 1513 subjects (58.7%); for flunitrazepam 103 (76.3%), diazepam 1098 (74.1%), tramadol 192 (40.3%), zopiclone 60 (29.7%), and zolpidem 60 (21.2%) subjects, respectively. Younger age and multiple-substance use were associated with nonprescribed use, whereas ongoing treatment with other psychoactive drugs was negatively associated with nonprescribed use. Conclusions: Non-prescribed use of psychoactive prescription drugs was common in subjects suspected of drug-impaired driving and was more frequent for benzodiazepines and tramadol compared to zolpidem and zopiclone. The young and multi-substance users were more likely, whereas subjects with ongoing prescribed treatment with other psychoactive drugs were less likely, to use non-prescribed drugs.

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Fatal unintentional intoxications with tramadol during 1995–2005

Cited by 88 publications

References 14 publications

Respiratory Apnea in Patients with Acute Poisoning by Tramadol (Two Years Study)

Respiratory Apnea in Patients with Acute Poisoning by Tramadol (Two Years Study)

A European Community Pharmacy-Based Survey to Investigate Patterns of Prescription Fraud through Identification of Falsified Prescriptions

Non-prescribed use of psychoactive prescription drugs among drug-impaired drivers in Sweden

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