Fatal outcome in drug addiction

Tunving, K

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1988.tb05168.x

Cited by 77 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Suicide attempters also reported more psychological distress, use of benzodiazepines, time in treatment and less criminality. This is in line with other studies of suicide risk among substance-abusing people [9,11,12,23,24].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Overdoses and Suicide Attempts: Different Relations to Psychopathology and Substance Abuse? A 5-Year Prospective Study of Drug Abusers

Ravndal¹,

Vaglum

1999

Eur Addict Res

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Two hundred Norwegian drug abusers who consecutively applied for treatment in a therapeutic community were interviewed at intake and personally followed up on average 5 years after. Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory and Symptom Checklist-90 were used to assess the clients. Frequent use of opiates and number of months in inpatient treatment were associated with overdoses, while being a case on the Borderline scale or depression was related to suicide attempts. The study shows that overdoses and suicide attempts can be distinguished on the basis of their different psychopathological risk variables and their different relationship to substances. To understand the background of these phenomena is of importance in planning preventive action to hinder fatal overdose and suicide.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Overdoses and Suicide Attempts: Different Relations to Psychopathology and Substance Abuse? A 5-Year Prospective Study of Drug Abusers

Ravndal¹,

Vaglum

1999

Eur Addict Res

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“…Previous studies from various continents have shown that males are generally overrepresented in FOD cases [8,11,14,15,16,17,18,19]. Most recent research confirms this finding [20,21,22,23].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Opiate- and Cocaine-Related Fatal Overdoses in Luxembourg from 1985 to 2011: A Study on Gender Differences

Origer¹,

Costa²,

Baumann

2013

Eur Addict Res

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Background/Aim: We analysed gender differences in national fatal overdose (FOD) cases related to opiates and cocaine use between 1985 and 2011 (n = 340). Methods: Cross-examination of national data from law enforcement and drug use surveillance sources and of forensic evidence. Bivariate and logistic regression analysis of male/female differences according to sociodemographics, forensic evidence and drug use trajectories. Results: The burden of deaths caused by FOD on the general national mortality was higher for men (PMR^/100 = 0.55) compared with women (PMR^/100 = 0.34). Compared with their male peers, women were younger at the time of death (t = 3.274; p = 0.001) and showed shorter drug use careers (t = 2.228; p = 0.028). Heroin use was recorded more frequently in first drug offences of female victims (AOR = 6.59; 95% CI 2.97-14.63) and according to forensic evidence, psychotropic prescription drugs were detected to a higher degree in females (AOR = 2.019; 95% CI 1.065-3.827). Conclusion: The time window between the onset of illicit drug use and its fatal outcome revealed to be shorter for women versus men included in our study. Early intervention in female drug users, routine involvement of first-line healthcare providers and increased attention to use of poly- and psychotropic prescription drugs might contribute to prevent premature drug-related death and reduce gender differences.

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“…Beregnet overdødelighet blant stoffmisbrukere er i størrelsesorden fra 5 til 30 (altså 5 til 30 ganger høyere dødelighet enn i befolkningen ellers) (31)(32)(33). Norske studier av stoffmisbrukere viser at dødeligheten ligger på ca.…”

Section: Dødelighet Og Forhøyet Dødelighet Blant Stoffmisbrukereunclassified

“…Mannlige stoffmisbrukere synes å ha en noe høyere dødelighet enn kvinnelige, mens i befolkningen generelt finner vi at dødeligheten er dobbelt så høy blant unge menn (25-44 år) som blant unge kvinner. Derved blir overdødeligheten blant kvinnelige stoffmisbrukere høyere enn blant mannlige stoffmisbrukere (31)(32)(33).…”

Section: Dødelighet Og Forhøyet Dødelighet Blant Stoffmisbrukereunclassified

Rusmiddelbruk og dødelighet

Rossow¹

2009

Nor J Epidemiol

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Telefon 22 38 04 85, Telefax 22 71 90 59, E-mail imr@sifa.no SAMMENDRAGBruk og misbruk av rusmidler øker risikoen for en tidlig død. Blant kroniske alkoholmisbrukere er overdøde-ligheten på omkring 2-3, og størst overdødelighet finner vi mht. levercirrhose, kreft i øvre deler av fordøyelses-kanalen, selvmord og ulykker. Akutt beruselse har spesielt betydning for ulykkesdødsfall som drukning og trafikkulykker. Epidemiologiske studier har vist at moderat alkoholkonsum gir en redusert risiko for hjertekardødelighet sammenliknet med avholdenhet (en J-formet risikokurve). Disse funnene reiser en viktig debatt omkring implikasjonene for folkehelse.På aggregert nivå gir en økning i alkoholkonsumet en beskjeden effekt på samlet dødelighet, men for alkoholrelaterte sykdommer, ulykker og selvmord ser man betydelige effekter av endringer i gjennomsnittskonsumet.Stoffmisbrukere har en høyere overdødelighet enn alkoholmisbrukere (RR omkring 5-30), og de vanligste dødsårsakene er overdoser, selvmord og ulykker. Bruk og misbruk av alkohol er betydelig mer utbredt i befolkningen enn narkotika, og størstedelen av rusmiddelrelaterte dødsfall kan knyttes til alkohol. Det er imidlertid usikkert om dette gjenspeiles i opinionen og som argument ved politiske beslutninger og ressursallokeringer.Rossow I. Alcohol, drugs and mortality. Nor J Epidemiol 1996; 6 (1): 37-44. ENGLISH SUMMARYUse and abuse of intoxicants increase the risk of premature death. Among chronic alcohol abusers the excess mortality is in the range of 2-3. Tthe highest excess mortality is found with respect to liver cirrhosis, cancer in the upper digestive tract, suicide and accidents. Acute intoxication also increases the risk of premature death, particularly drowning and traffic accidents. Epidemiological studies have demonstrated a lower risk of death from CHD among light and moderate drinkers as compared to abstainers (the J-shaped curve). These findings have induced an important debate concerning public health implications. At the aggregate level an increase in alcohol consumption has little impact on all-cause mortality, but changes in per capita consumption are found to covary significantly with deaths from alcohol related diseases, accidents and suicides.Drug addicts are found to have a higher excess mortality than alcohol abusers (RR in the range of 5-30), and the most common causes of death are overdoses, suicides and accidents. On the other hand, use and abuse of alcohol is far more widespread in the population than narcotics, and most of the substance related deaths can thus be attributed to alcohol. To which degree this is reflected in the public opinion and in political strategies and allocation of resources, may however be questionned. INNLEDNINGDødelighet og dødsårsaker er hyppig anvendte indikatorer for helse, sykelighet, eller livskvalitet i en befolkning eller en befolkningsgruppe. En rekke studier har vist at både bruk og misbruk av ulike rusmidler øker dødeligheten, og at noen dødsårsaker er mer typiske ved rusmiddelbruk eller rusmiddelmisbruk. Vi...

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Fatal outcome in drug addiction

Cited by 77 publications

References 24 publications

Overdoses and Suicide Attempts: Different Relations to Psychopathology and Substance Abuse? A 5-Year Prospective Study of Drug Abusers

Overdoses and Suicide Attempts: Different Relations to Psychopathology and Substance Abuse? A 5-Year Prospective Study of Drug Abusers

Opiate- and Cocaine-Related Fatal Overdoses in Luxembourg from 1985 to 2011: A Study on Gender Differences

Rusmiddelbruk og dødelighet

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