Fat feeding increases size, but not number, of chylomicrons produced by small intestine

Hayashi, Hiroshi; Fujimoto, Kazuma; Cardelli, James A.; Nutting, David F.; Bergstedt, S.; Tso, P.

doi:10.1152/ajpgi.1990.259.5.g709

Cited by 87 publications

(98 citation statements)

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“…Third, surfactant-like particles are produced in fasting rats (5-7), so they do not require triacylglycerol absorption for their production. In addition, the ability to increase SLP content after fat feeding is quite limited (Table V), consistent with the observation that the number offat particles after fat feeding increases much less than their volume (35). This observation would be expected if the amount of membrane particles were limiting.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

A possible role for rat intestinal surfactant-like particles in transepithelial triacylglycerol transport.

Mahmood

Yamagishi²,

Eliakim³

et al. 1994

J. Clin. Invest.

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To further examine whether surfactant-like particles (DeSchryver-Kecskemeti, K., R. Eliakim, S. Carroll, W. F. Stenson, M. A. Moxley, and D. H. Alpers. 1989. J. Clin. Invest. 84:1355-1361 were involved in the transepithelial transport of lipid, alkaline phosphatase activity and surfactant-like particle content were measured in apical mucosal scrapings, enterocytes, lamina propria, and serum after inhibition of chylomicron transport. Serum triacylglycerol levels were decreased 60-76% by Pluronic L-81, fenfluramine, and choline deficiency compared with fat-fed controls. 5 h after triacylglycerol feed, alkaline phosphatase activity in all three experimental groups was decreased compared with controls by 52-69% in mucosal scrapings and by 33-72% in serum. A parallel decline (60%) in alkaline phosphatase activity occurred in the lamina propria of Pluronic-treated animals. Total particle content (measured by an ELISA using antiserum against purified particle) after Pluronic treatment was decreased in mucosal scrapings, lamina propria, and serum by 16, 22, and 29% at 3 h and by 33, 40, and 8%, respectively, at 5 h after fat feeding. In contrast, particle content was increased in enterocytes by 29% 3 h and by 8% 5 h after fat feeding. By electron microscopy, enterocytes from Pluronic-and fenfluramine-treated animals exhibited a two-to threefold increase in large intracellular cytoplasmic lipid globules and the appearance of lamellae in apposition, with a marked decrease in the number of surfactantlike particles overlying the brush border. These changes, produced by inhibition of chylomicron transport, in the distribution of surfactant-like particles and particle-bound alkaline phosphatase are consistent with a role for these particles in transepithelial triacylglycerol transport across and out of the enterocyte. (J. Clin. Invest. 1994. 93:70-80.)

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

A possible role for rat intestinal surfactant-like particles in transepithelial triacylglycerol transport.

Mahmood

Yamagishi²,

Eliakim³

et al. 1994

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…However, the amount of lipids transported during the postprandial state is severalfold greater than that transported during the fasting state. Increased transport of fat with similar amounts of apoB48 occurs because of an increase in the size of the particles during the postprandial state (42,43,54,63,72,173). Fat feeding also increases the expression of apoA-IV, which serves as a surface component for apoB48 particles in the enterocyte (77,135).…”

Section: Assembly Secretion and Regulation Of Intestinal Lipoproteinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal lipid absorption

Iqbal¹,

Hussain²

2009

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

649

484

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Our knowledge of the uptake and transport of dietary fat and fat-soluble vitamins has advanced considerably. Researchers have identified several new mechanisms by which lipids are taken up by enterocytes and packaged as chylomicrons for export into the lymphatic system or clarified the actions of mechanisms previously known to participate in these processes. Fatty acids are taken up by enterocytes involving protein-mediated as well as proteinindependent processes. Net cholesterol uptake depends on the competing activities of NPC1L1, ABCG5, and ABCG8 present in the apical membrane. We have considerably more detailed information about the uptake of products of lipid hydrolysis, the active transport systems by which they reach the endoplasmic reticulum, the mechanisms by which they are resynthesized into neutral lipids and utilized within the endoplasmic reticulum to form lipoproteins, and the mechanisms by which lipoproteins are secreted from the basolateral side of the enterocyte. apoB and MTP are known to be central to the efficient assembly and secretion of lipoproteins. In recent studies, investigators found that cholesterol, phospholipids, and vitamin E can also be secreted from enterocytes as components of high-density apoB-free/apoAI-containing lipoproteins. Several of these advances will probably be investigated further for their potential as targets for the development of drugs that can suppress cholesterol absorption, thereby reducing the risk of hypercholesterolemia and cardiovascular disease.intestine; dietary fat; triacylglycerol; cholesterol; phospholipids; fat-soluble vitamins; microsomal triglyceride transfer protein DIETARY FATS CONSIST OF A WIDE ARRAY of polar and nonpolar lipids (32, 33). Triacylglycerol (TAG) is the dominant fat in the diet, contributing 90 -95% of the total energy derived from dietary fat. Dietary fats also include phospholipids (PLs), sterols (e.g., cholesterol), and many other lipids (e.g., fatsoluble vitamins). The predominant PL in the intestinal lumen is phosphatidylcholine (PC), which is derived mostly from bile (10 -20 g/day in humans) but also from the diet (ϳ1-2 g/day). The predominant dietary sterols are cholesterol (mostly of animal origin) and ␤-sitosterol (the major plant sterol). Although ␤-sitosterol accounts for 25% of dietary sterols, it is not absorbed by humans under physiological conditions.Researchers have been investigating the various steps involved in lipid digestion, absorption, and metabolism to identify factors that could serve as targets for the development of drugs capable of reducing the risk of lipid-associated disorders, including dyslipidemias and cardiovascular disease. In so doing, they have explored key aspects of lipid digestion hydrolysis, emulsification, and micelle formation. They have also explored key issues of absorption, e.g., the uptake of the products of lipid hydrolysis by enterocytes (the epithelial cells lining the walls of the intestinal lumen) and their transport to intracellular compartments, where fatty acids and sterols are...

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“…4°C was chosen to prevent would accommodate transporting the increased TAG ( 9 ). In either case, a large vesicle would be needed for chylomicron transport.…”

Section: Isolation Of the Pctv Budding Complexmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel multiprotein complex is required to generate the prechylomicron transport vesicle from intestinal ER

Siddiqi

Saleem

Abumrad

et al. 2010

Journal of Lipid Research

102

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Fat feeding increases size, but not number, of chylomicrons produced by small intestine

Cited by 87 publications

References 0 publications

A possible role for rat intestinal surfactant-like particles in transepithelial triacylglycerol transport.

A possible role for rat intestinal surfactant-like particles in transepithelial triacylglycerol transport.

Intestinal lipid absorption

A novel multiprotein complex is required to generate the prechylomicron transport vesicle from intestinal ER

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