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The world will need greatly increased energy supply in coming years because of the rapidly increasing world population and depleting natural resources. For a long time, conventional energy sources have been utilized for power generation, but now it is of great concern that the rapid depletion of conventional sources added with their economic and environmental concerns are incompatible to address issues like growing electricity demand and environmental damages. Utilization of the alternative energy sources is compulsory to minimize the energy crisis around the world. Based on the alternative energy sources, a number of power generation systems have been designed to contribute for the management of optimized energy supply systems. The unpredictable nature of alternative energy sources is their common drawback, and they do not harness usable power for some considerable duration of time over the year. Therefore, trends are in progress to integrate two or more than two of these alternative energy systems to meet the required electricity supply in power generation operations. These systems are designated as hybrid systems and can be grid connected or off-grid depending upon their purpose and mode of fabrication. Off grid hybrid systems are popular for the electrification of the isolated and far-flung areas, where the grid supply is absent. This study mainly focuses on main 10 off grid, bi-source hybrid systems for power generation highlighting their role in energy stability. Systems' hybridization, power generation, energy flow schemes, operation schemes, and storage and backup needs have been addressed thoroughly in this study to provide a handy reference to stake holders for further work in this regime.

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<abstract><p>L-valine is a crucial amino acid that has rising market demand and numerous uses. It can be used to make specific nutrients, animal feed additives, cosmetic ingredients, and other things in the medical and agricultural fields. N-salicylidene-L-valine (NsLv) is attracting a lot of attention due to its unusual structure and enhanced catalytic and cytotoxic activities. Topological index is a numerical value which is associated with the molecular structure. It is very helpful to predict physio-chemical properties and Quantitative structure-activity relationship and Quantitative structure-property relationship modeling. We study the supramolecular chain (Sc) in the dialkyl tin of complexes 2, 3 and 4 of NsLv to better understand this structure and its topological index-related characteristics. Additionally, we compare topological indices and analyze how these structures relate to one another using concrete examples.</p></abstract>