Fat deposition, fatty acid composition and meat quality: A review

Wood, JD; Enser, M.; Fisher, AV; Nute, GR; Sheard, P.R.; Richardson, RI; Hughes, SI; Whittington, FM

doi:10.1016/j.meatsci.2007.07.019

Cited by 2,054 publications

(1,900 citation statements)

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“…Also, Madeira et al (2013) tested restricted Lys diets against a control in a fatty genotype (Alentejano) and in commercial crossbred pigs (Landrace × Pietrain) finding no effect on backfat depth but with an increase of IMF recorded only in the commercial pigs. These results suggest that the protein restriction has higher effect on modern breeds (Large White and Duroc) than in traditional breeds (Berkshire and Tamworth; Wood et al, 2008). In addition, these authors attribute the response to the breed-specific expression of muscle fibre types and key lipogenic enzymes, which have been described as the most important factors influencing IMF in pigs (Guo et al, 2011).…”

Section: Meat Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…However, the responses found in the literature are controversial. Some authors have reported that protein restriction increases backfat thickness, being lower the effect on muscle lipid deposition (Lebret, 2008;Rodríguez-Sanchez et al, 2011) but others concluded that the influence can be higher on IMF proportion (Wood et al, 2008;Daza et al, 2010). Also, Madeira et al (2013) tested restricted Lys diets against a control in a fatty genotype (Alentejano) and in commercial crossbred pigs (Landrace × Pietrain) finding no effect on backfat depth but with an increase of IMF recorded only in the commercial pigs.…”

Section: Meat Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is confirmed, in the present trial, by the differences in carcass fatness between sexes. The C18:2 plays an important role in human nutrition because it can reduce firmness and cohesiveness of adipose tissue and increase the fat oxidation rate (Wood et al, 2008).…”

Section: Meat Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of sex and dietary lysine on performances and serum and meat traits in finisher pigs

Suárez-Belloch

Guada

Latorre

2015

Animal

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A total of 160 Duroc × (Landrace × Large White) pigs, 50% barrows and 50% gilts, of 28.3 ± 4.52 kg of BW were used to study the effect of lysine (Lys) restriction in the finisher period, on growth performances and serum and carcass and meat quality traits. The grower diet (from 30 to 90 kg BW) was slightly Lys-restricted (7.8 g standardised ileal digestible (SID) Lys/kg) in accordance with results from a previous trial. During the finisher period (90 to 130 kg BW), four experimental diets with decreasing SID Lys contents (6.3, 5.6, 4.2 and 3.2 g/kg) were tested. Each of the eight treatments (two sexes × four levels of Lys) was replicated five times. Each replicate was a pen with four pigs allocated together. When animals achieved 129 ± 2.59 kg were slaughtered and carcass and meat characteristics were evaluated. No significant interaction sex × diet was found. During the finisher period, barrows grew faster ( P < 0.001) and ate more feed ( P < 0.001) but tended to be less efficient ( P = 0.055) than gilts. The Lys restriction affected linearly ( P < 0.001) all productive performance traits; daily BW gain and feed intake decreased and feed conversion ratio increased. Also, the concentration of serum urea at slaughter tended to be higher in barrows than in gilts ( P = 0.065) and was reduced quadratically by the restriction of Lys in feed ( P < 0.001). Carcasses from barrows had higher backfat thickness ( P < 0.01) and lower weight of main trimmed lean cuts (ham + shoulder + loin; P < 0.05) than those from gilts. The Lys restriction during the finisher period decreased carcass yield (quadratic; P < 0.001) and the weight of major cuts (linear; P < 0.001). Sex and diet had limited effect on meat characteristics; the Lys restriction decreased quadratically the proportion of protein ( P < 0.01) and increased linearly the intramuscular fat (IMF) content ( P < 0.001). We can conclude that dietary Lys restriction during finisher period in pigs impaired growth performances and was not successful to increase the carcass fat deposition, although it could have positive effects on IMF proportion of pork.

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Section: Meat Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Meat Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of sex and dietary lysine on performances and serum and meat traits in finisher pigs

Suárez-Belloch

Guada

Latorre

2015

Animal

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“…In a review of fatty acid profiles of meat products, Wood et al. (2008) summarized results by Warren et al. (2008a), an examination of the effects of breed (Aberdeen Angus × Holstein‐Friesian vs. Holstein‐Friesian) and diet (grass silage vs. concentrates) on meat quality.…”

Section: Effects Of Farming Systems On Meat Qualitymentioning

confidence: 98%

Framework for life cycle assessment of livestock production systems to account for the nutritional quality of final products

McAuliffe

Takahashi

Lee

2018

Food and Energy Security

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Life cycle assessment (LCA) is widely regarded as a useful tool for comparing the environmental impacts of multiple livestock production systems. While LCA results are typically communicated in the form of environmental burdens per mass unit of the end product, it is increasingly becoming recognized that the product quality also needs to be accounted for to truly understand the value of a farming system to society. To date, a number of studies have examined environmental consequences of different food consumption patterns at the diet level; however, few have addressed nutritional variations of a single commodity attributable to production systems, leaving limited insight into how on‐farm practices can be improved to better balance environment and human nutrition. Using data from seven livestock production systems encompassing cattle, sheep, pigs, and poultry, this paper proposes a novel framework to incorporate nutritional value of meat products into livestock LCA. The results of quantitative case studies demonstrate that relative emissions intensities associated with different systems can be dramatically altered when the nutrient content of meat replaces the mass of meat as the functional unit, with cattle systems outperforming pig and poultry systems in some cases. This finding suggests that the performance of livestock systems should be evaluated under a whole supply chain approach, whereby end products originating from different farm management strategies are treated as competing but separate commodities.

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“…Fatty acid profile from steers fed a feed enzyme CLA isomers are considered to be healthy fatty acids, and desirable for human consumption (Wood et al, 2008). Giving the higher fat content in DDGS than in its original grain (Nuez Ortín and Yu, 2009), inclusion of wheat DDGS may modify fatty acid composition of diets.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of wheat dried distillers grains and enzyme supplementation on growth rates, feed conversion ratio and beef fatty acid profile in feedlot steers

Zhao

et al. 2015

Animal

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The objectives of this study were to determine: (1) the effect of wheat dried distillers grain with solubles (DDGS) inclusion, and (2) dietary feed enzyme (FE; Econase XT) supplementation in a finishing diet containing wheat DDGS on fatty acid profile of the pars costalis diaphragmatis muscle of beef cattle. A total of 160 crossbred yearling steers with initial BW of 495 ± 38 kg were blocked by BW and randomized into 16 pens (10 head/pen). The pens were randomly assigned to one of the four treatments: (1) control (CON; 10% barley silage and 90% barley grain-based concentrate, dry matter (DM) basis); (2) diet containing 30% wheat DDGS in place of barley grain without FE (WDG); (3) WDG diet supplemented with low FE (WDGL; 1 ml FE/kg DM); and (4) WDG diet supplemented with high FE (2 ml FE/kg DM). The pars costalis diaphragmatis muscle samples were collected from cattle at slaughter at the end of the finishing period (120 days) with a targeted live weight of 650 kg. No differences in organic matter intake, final BW and average daily gain were observed among treatments. However, steers fed WDG had greater (P < 0.01) feed conversion ratio than those fed CON, and increasing FE application in wheat DDGS-based diets tended (P < 0.10) to linearly decrease feed conversion ratio. In assessing the effects of including WDG diets without FE, concentration of total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in muscle tended to be greater (P < 0.10) for steers fed WDG than steers fed CON. In addition, inclusion of wheat DDGS into the diet increased (P < 0.05) concentration of CLA and vaccenic acid (VA) in muscle and also resulted in a higher (P < 0.05) ratio of n-6/n-3 PUFA compared with that from steers fed CON diet. Increasing FE application in wheat DDGS-based diets did not modify the concentrations of individual or total fatty acids. These results suggest that inclusion of wheat DDGS in finishing diets may improve fatty acid profile of beef muscle which could benefit human health.

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Fat deposition, fatty acid composition and meat quality: A review

Cited by 2,054 publications

References 47 publications

Effects of sex and dietary lysine on performances and serum and meat traits in finisher pigs

Effects of sex and dietary lysine on performances and serum and meat traits in finisher pigs

Framework for life cycle assessment of livestock production systems to account for the nutritional quality of final products

Effect of wheat dried distillers grains and enzyme supplementation on growth rates, feed conversion ratio and beef fatty acid profile in feedlot steers

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