Effect of wheat dried distillers grains and enzyme supplementation on growth rates, feed conversion ratio and beef fatty acid profile in feedlot steers

Abstract

The objectives of this study were to determine: (1) the effect of wheat dried distillers grain with solubles (DDGS) inclusion, and (2) dietary feed enzyme (FE; Econase XT) supplementation in a finishing diet containing wheat DDGS on fatty acid profile of the pars costalis diaphragmatis muscle of beef cattle. A total of 160 crossbred yearling steers with initial BW of 495 ± 38 kg were blocked by BW and randomized into 16 pens (10 head/pen). The pens were randomly assigned to one of the four treatments: (1) control (CON; 10% barley silage and 90% barley grain-based concentrate, dry matter (DM) basis); (2) diet containing 30% wheat DDGS in place of barley grain without FE (WDG); (3) WDG diet supplemented with low FE (WDGL; 1 ml FE/kg DM); and (4) WDG diet supplemented with high FE (2 ml FE/kg DM). The pars costalis diaphragmatis muscle samples were collected from cattle at slaughter at the end of the finishing period (120 days) with a targeted live weight of 650 kg. No differences in organic matter intake, final BW and average daily gain were observed among treatments. However, steers fed WDG had greater (P < 0.01) feed conversion ratio than those fed CON, and increasing FE application in wheat DDGS-based diets tended (P < 0.10) to linearly decrease feed conversion ratio. In assessing the effects of including WDG diets without FE, concentration of total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in muscle tended to be greater (P < 0.10) for steers fed WDG than steers fed CON. In addition, inclusion of wheat DDGS into the diet increased (P < 0.05) concentration of CLA and vaccenic acid (VA) in muscle and also resulted in a higher (P < 0.05) ratio of n-6/n-3 PUFA compared with that from steers fed CON diet. Increasing FE application in wheat DDGS-based diets did not modify the concentrations of individual or total fatty acids. These results suggest that inclusion of wheat DDGS in finishing diets may improve fatty acid profile of beef muscle which could benefit human health.

Evaluating the impact of feeding dried distillers grains with solubles on Boer goat growth performance, meat color stability, and antioxidant capacity

“…The removal of the starch fraction of corn during distillers grains production can increase the protein and lipid content of DDGS to be three times more concentrated compared with corn ( Srichuwong and Jane, 2011 ). Thus, DDGS can significantly alter the fatty acid composition of feeds due to the increase in corn oil concentration ( Li et al, 2012 ; Wang et al, 2012 ; He et al, 2015 ). The primary fatty acid found in DDGS is linoleic acid (C18:2) ( Ruan et al, 2018 ), and previous literature has concluded feeding a diet containing high levels of DDGS can alter the fatty acid profile in meat from various livestock species, with particular focus on the increase of C18:2 ( Brandt et al, 1992 ; Gill et al, 2008 ; de Mello et al, 2012 ).…”

Trans‐10 18:1 in ruminant meats: A review

“…Dugan et al (2007) demonstrated backfat from steers fed a barley grain‐based diet had on average more t 10‐ than t 11‐18:1, but individual animal variation was such that some animals had more t 11‐18:1. In addition, even though the majority of studies feeding barley grain‐based diets result in the trans ‐10 shift, at least one (He et al, 2015) did not, and in this study, substituting wheat DDGS for barley gain did not lead to further improvements in the t ‐18:1 isomer profile (Table 2). Perhaps a slight change in barley starch content, availability, or resistance to fermentation may be enough to prevent the trans ‐10 shift in beef, leading to rumen conditions similar to those found when feeding conventional corn‐based diets (Duckett et al, 2002) or corn‐based diets supplemented with corn DDGS (Segers et al, 2011).…”

Effects of Feeding Garlic and Juniper Berry Essential Oils on Milk Fatty Acid Composition of Dairy Cows

“…Each peak was identified using pure methyl ester standards (Alltech) on the basis of their retention times. 19 Composition of FA in feed samples was analyzed according to He et al 21 Lipids in feed were recovered by evaporating the ethyl ether. Nonadecanoic acid (19:0) methyl ester (100 µL, 5.96 mg/mL hexane; Nu-Chek Prep, Inc.) was added to the residues as an internal standard.…”