Fasting plasma glucose and subsequent cardiovascular disease among young adults: Analysis of a nationwide epidemiological database

Kaneko, Hidehiro; Itoh, Hidetaka; Kohno, Hiroyuki; Kamon, Tatsuya; Fujiu, Katsuhito; Morita, Kojiro; Michihata, Nobuaki; Jo, Taisuke; Takeda, Norifumi; Morita, Hiroyuki; Yasunaga, Hideo; Komuro, Issei

doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2020.12.024

Cited by 28 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…It has already shown that the Cardiovascular Health Metrics, an indicator of risk for CVD, are correlated between couples (68), and that a weight gain of 10 kg or more from age 20 years, even in the absence of obesity, is associated with an increased risk of future cardiovascular events (69). Additionally, we have also reported the importance of modifiable risk factors for the prevention of CVD in young adults (70)(71)(72), and the association of the blood pressure classification according to the 2017 ACC/AHA guideline with the incidence of CVD (43). These real-world data will have great potential for further clinical investigation.…”

Section: Utilizing Physical Examination Data and Health Checkup Data For Clinical Researchsupporting

confidence: 55%

Promoting analysis of real-world data: Prospects for preventive cardiology in Japan

Yotsumoto

Kaneko

Itoh

et al. 2021

GHM

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CVD and cerebrovascular disease account for 23.2% of all deaths (2).According to the United States statistics for 2018, the leading causes of the 2,813,503 deaths per year in the United States are heart disease (647,457), malignant neoplasms (599,108), accidents (169,936), chronic respiratory diseases (160,201), and strokes (146,383). CVD account for 28.2% of all deaths, including heart disease and stroke (3). Conquering CVD is a challenge not only for Japan, but for most developed countries.The place of CVD in the history of medicine has largely changed. Today, the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) is rampant throughout the world. Since the dawn of history, infectious diseases have been the greatest threat to humanity. The Black Death in the 14 th and 16 th centuries and the Spanish flu in the early 20 th century are the most notable examples of infectious disease pandemics. In Japan, tuberculosis was the leading cause of death in the early 20th century (the death rate from tuberculosis in 1918 was 257.1 per 100,000 people, far higher than that of malignant neoplasms ( 4)). On the (P1)

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Section: Utilizing Physical Examination Data and Health Checkup Data For Clinical Researchsupporting

confidence: 55%

Promoting analysis of real-world data: Prospects for preventive cardiology in Japan

Yotsumoto

Kaneko

Itoh

et al. 2021

GHM

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“…in young adults. The results showed that the risk of CVD increased with an increase in FBG levels, and the risk of myocardial infarction in the IFG category began to increase significantly [ 33 ]. Therefore, early identification of IFG plays an important role in the primary prevention of CVD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction model for the onset risk of impaired fasting glucose: a 10-year longitudinal retrospective cohort health check-up study

Wang

et al. 2021

BMC Endocr Disord

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Background Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) is a prediabetic condition. Considering that the clinical symptoms of IFG are inconspicuous, these tend to be easily ignored by individuals, leading to conversion to diabetes mellitus (DM). In this study, we established a prediction model for the onset risk of IFG in the Chongqing health check-up population to provide a reference for prevention in a health check-up cohort. Methods We conducted a retrospective longitudinal cohort study in Chongqing, China from January 2009 to December 2019. The qualified subjects were more than 20 years old and had more than two health check-ups. After following the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the cohort population was randomly divided into a training set and a test set at a ratio of 7:3. We first selected the predictor variables through the univariate generalized estimation equation (GEE), and then the training set was used to establish the IFG risk model based on multivariate GEE. Finally, the sensitivity, specificity, and receiver operating characteristic curves were used to verify the performance of the model. Results A total of 4,926 subjects were included in this study, with an average of 3.87 check-up records, including 2,634 males and 2,292 females. There were 442 IFG cases during the follow-up period, including 286 men and 156 women. The incidence density was 26.88/1000 person-years for men and 18.53/1000 person-years for women (P<0.001). The predictor variables of our prediction model include male (relative risk (RR) =1.422, 95 % confidence interval (CI): 0.923-2.193, P=0.3849), age (RR=1.030, 95 %CI: 1.016-1.044, P<0.0001), waist circumference (RR=1.005, 95 %CI: 0.999-1.012, P=0.0975), systolic blood pressure (RR=1.004, 95 %CI: 0.993-1.016, P=0.4712), diastolic blood pressure (RR=1.023, 95 %CI: 1.005-1.041, P=0.0106), obesity (RR=1.797, 95 %CI: 1.126-2.867, P=0.0140), triglycerides (RR=1.107, 95 %CI: 0.943-1.299, P=0.2127), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (RR=0.992, 95 %CI: 0.476-2.063, P=0.9818), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (RR=1.793, 95 %CI: 1.085-2.963, P=0.0228), blood urea (RR=1.142, 95 %CI: 1.022-1.276, P=0.0192), serum uric acid (RR=1.004, 95 %CI: 1.002-1.005, P=0.0003), total cholesterol (RR=0.674, 95 %CI: 0.403-1.128, P=0.1331), and serum creatinine levels (RR=0.960, 95 %CI: 0.945-0.976, P<0.0001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) in the training set was 0.740 (95 %CI: 0.712-0.768), and the AUC in the test set was 0.751 (95 %CI: 0.714-0.817). Conclusions The prediction model for the onset risk of IFG had good predictive ability in the health check-up cohort.

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“…Blood glucose parameters are related to diabetes. A recent nationwide epidemiological data demonstrated that elevated FPG increase the risk of CVD ( Kaneko et al, 2021 ); each 1% higher HbA1c, independent of diabetes status, is associated with an 18% greater risk of myocardial infarction ( de Jong et al, 2020 ); HOMA−IR is positive correlation with CVD risk ( Lu et al, 2020 ). This meta−analysis observed that RYR preparations significantly reduced the levels of FPG, HbA1c and HOMA−IR, indicating its promising application in improving diabetes and CVD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Red Yeast Rice Preparations Reduce Mortality, Major Cardiovascular Adverse Events, and Risk Factors for Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta−analysis

Yuan

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Pharmacol.

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Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is characterized by the cooccurrence of obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia, and hypertension. Red yeast rice (RYR) preparations might be beneficial for the prevention and treatment of MetS.Objective: To implement a systematic review and meta−analysis to determine whether RYR preparations improve clinical endpoints and reduce risk factors for MetS.Methods: The PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Scopus, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese VIP Information, and WanFang databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (published up to September 2020), and a meta−analysis was performed using fixed− or random−effects models. The primary outcome measures were mortality and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), and the secondary outcome measures were biochemical parameters of blood glucose, blood lipids, and blood pressure. The registration number is CRD42020209186.Results: A total of 921 articles were identified, of which 30 articles were included in this article. RYR preparations group demonstrated significant improvements in MetS compared with control group. RYR preparations reduced the mortality and MACEs (RR = 0.62, 95% CI [0.49, 0.78]; RR = 0.54, 95% CI [0.43, 0.66]). In terms of blood glucose metabolism, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (MD = −0.46 mmol/L, 95% CI [−0.71, −0.22]), haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (MD = −0.49, 95% CI [−0.71, −0.26]) and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA−IR) (MD = −0.93, 95% CI [−1.64, −0.21]) were decreased. Regarding the lipid metabolism, total cholesterol (TC) (MD = −0.74 mmol/L, 95% CI [−1.02, −0.46]), triglycerides (TG) (MD = −0.45 mmol/L, 95% CI [−0.70, −0.21]), and low−density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) (MD = −0.42 mmol/L, 95% CI [−0.78, −0.06]) were decreased, while high−density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) (MD = 0.14 mmol/L, 95% CI [0.09, 0.20]) was increased. Regarding blood pressure, the mean arterial pressure (MAP) (MD = −3.79 mmHg, 95% CI [−5.01, −2.57]) was decreased. In addition, RYR preparations did not increase the incidence of adverse reactions (RR = 1.00, 95% CI [0.69, 1.43]).Conclusion: RYR preparations reduce mortality, MACEs, and multiple risk factors for MetS without compromising safety, which supports its application for the prevention and treatment of MetS. However, additional high−quality studies are needed to provide more evidence for the effect of RYR on MetS due to the heterogeneity in this study.Systematic Review Registration: www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, identifier CRD42020209186

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Fasting plasma glucose and subsequent cardiovascular disease among young adults: Analysis of a nationwide epidemiological database

Cited by 28 publications

References 43 publications

Promoting analysis of real-world data: Prospects for preventive cardiology in Japan

Promoting analysis of real-world data: Prospects for preventive cardiology in Japan

Prediction model for the onset risk of impaired fasting glucose: a 10-year longitudinal retrospective cohort health check-up study

Red Yeast Rice Preparations Reduce Mortality, Major Cardiovascular Adverse Events, and Risk Factors for Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta−analysis

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