Fast Synthesis of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles and Nanorods

Abstract

The microwave-hydrothermal method has been investigated for the fast synthesis of rare earth cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles and nanorods. This approach combines the advantages of both hydrothermal and microwave heating techniques. It is facile, rapid, energy-saving, and environmentally-benign and leads to high-yields. The average sizes of the obtained CeO2 nanoparticles could be adjusted from approximatrly 1.6 nm to approximately 20 nm. Moreover, by changing cerium source and adjusting the amount of the added ammonia water, CeO2 nanorods could be synthesized under microwave-assisted conditions for the first time. No calcination process or surfactant is required in our experiments for both CeO2 nanoparticles and nanorods. The ultraviolet and visible (UV-vis) spectra show the obvious size-dependence of the position of the absorbance peak. The Brunaur Emmett Teller (BET) nitrogen adsorption indicates that these nanoparticles and nanorods have high specific surface areas, which are needed for potential applications in many fields. Compared with conventional hydrothermal method, microwave-assisted hydrothermal method shows its advantages of rapidity, convenience and perhaps cost-effectiveness and could be extended to the synthesis of other nanoparticles and nanorods.

Influence of different solvents on the structural, optical and morphological properties of CdS nanoparticles

“…The microwave-assisted solvothermal method combines the advantages of both hydrothermal and microwave-irradiation techniques such as very short reaction time, production of small particles with a narrow size distribution and high purity which might be attributed to fast and homogeneous nucleation of the mixture [8]. The effect of heating is created by the interaction of the dipole moment of the molecules with the high frequency electromagnetic radiation (2.45 GHz) [9].…”

Facile synthesis of CeO2 nanoplates and nanorods by [100] oriented growth

“…In particular, much progress has been made in the syntheses and applications of the nanowires of various materials [1][2][3] Cerium oxide has wide applications in fields such chemicalmechanical polishing (CMP) [4,5], UV/vis absorption [6][7][8][9][10], solid oxide fuel cells [11], and catalytic materials for three-way catalysis (TWC) of exhaust gas from automobiles and fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) [12]. There have been many synthetic methods of CeO 2 nanoparticles such as hydrothermal [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22], homogeneous precipitation [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39], polyol [40][41][42][43][44] and nonhydrolytic methods [45][46][47]…”

“…Hyeon and co-workers synthesized the uniform-size ceria nanocrystals with shapes of sphere, wire and tadpole by non-hydrolytic sol-gel reaction in a mixture of cerium (III) nitrate, diphenyl ether and oleyamine [33]. Gao et al synthesized the CeO 2 nanocubes by solvothermal method of cerium (III) nitrate, water, toluene, oleic acid and tert-butylamine [17]. Chen et al synthesized the CeO 2 powders by two-stage non-isothermal precipitation method of cerium (III) nitrate and ammonia [15].…”

Preparation and Characterization of Nanocrystalline Cerium (IV) Oxide and Doped Cerium (IV) Oxide, Ce_1-x-yMg_xZr_yO_2-?

“…Several papers have been published about doped CeO 2 with various cationsdopants, such as Ca, Al, Zr, Nd, Pb, Mn, Mg, Cu, Zn, Co, Y, Ba and Sr [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. Literature survey shows that nanocrystalline ceria have been prepared by means of a variety of methods such as sol-gel process [29], hydrothermal or solvothermal synthesis [30,31], micro-emulsion [32], co-precipitation [33,34], conventional solid state method, flow method [35], microwave hydrothermal method [36], sonochemical synthesis [37], thermal decomposition [38], spray pyrolysis [39] etc. These methods operate mainly on high pressure, salt-solvent mediated high temperature or surface capping agent and the sizes of ceria particles are relatively large.…”