Fast state of polarization changes in aerial fiber under different climatic conditions

Abstract

Abstract-The state of polarization (SOP) is measured in aerial fiber during winter and summer. Correlations are made between the SOP changing and the current weather to search for the reason of the fastest SOP fluctuations. The fastest SOP changes are found to be faster then 10 ms, which is limited by the resolution of the measurements.

Polarization effects in aerial fibers

“…We now introduce the inverse 50% point so that one can have a simple single value metric to describe how fast an ACF decorrelates. This can be defined as [9] …”

“…In aerial fibers the interesting quantity is the time drift ACF. Aerial fibers decorrelate much faster than buried fibers [9]. The directional time drift ACF [19] is described empirically as…”

“…These are of interest because they give an idea of possible system outage causes specific to aerial fibers. PMD in aerial fiber at high altitudes [8] has been measured and found to track diurnal temperature changes [9]. Correlations between simulated wind motion and modal noise have been observed in aerial multi-mode fiber cables [10].…”

Polarisation-insensitive parametric tunable dispersion compensator

“…In the experimental demonstrations, we set the polarisation controller (PC) at the input of the HNLF to keep the efficiency of the wavelength conversion based on FWM. For practical uses of the P-TDC however, polarisation-sensitivity is a critical issue as the state of polarisation (SOP) changes rapidly in field fibres [5], and also the SOP of each carrier is different in wavelength-division multiplexing transmissions.In this Letter, we propose a polarisation-insensitive P-TDC employing a polarisation diversity scheme [6,7] with our developed polarisation-maintaining HNLF (PM-HNLF) having a low-dispersion slope [8], and report polarisation-insensitive optical dispersion compensation in 43 Gbit/s non-return-to-zero on-off-keying (NRZ-OOK) transmissions over 59.1 km singlemode fibre (SMF). We achieved a polarisation-dependent power penalty of less than 0.5 dB for polarisationscrambled transmission signals with a scrambling rate of 6.2 rad/s.…”

“…In the experimental demonstrations, we set the polarisation controller (PC) at the input of the HNLF to keep the efficiency of the wavelength conversion based on FWM. For practical uses of the P-TDC however, polarisation-sensitivity is a critical issue as the state of polarisation (SOP) changes rapidly in field fibres [5], and also the SOP of each carrier is different in wavelength-division multiplexing transmissions.…”