Fast separation of microcystins and nodularins on narrow-bore reversed-phase columns coupled to a conventional HPLC system

Characterization of phytoplankton by pigment analysis and the detection of toxic cyanobacteria in reservoirs with aquaculture production

“…However, microcystins appear to contribute to more than 90% of the cyanotoxins detected in northern and middle European waters (Spoof et al 2010), and microcystins also appear to be dominant toxins in many other parts of the world (Willén et al 2011, Sant'Anna et al 2008. Microcystins consist of 3 dominant toxin variants: the arginine-containing microcystins (MC)-RR, MC-YR, and MC-LR, with different degrees of methylation (Spoof et al 2010). Many methods have been developed to detect microcystins, including the protein phosphatase inhibition assay, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and various high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods (Meriluoto et al 2017).…”

Evolution and Current Trends in Liquid and Supercritical Fluid Chromatography

“…Shell particles are a relatively recent trend in chromatographic separation, but several pharmaceutical-bioanalytical [105][106][107][108][109][110][111][112][113][114][115][116][117][118], food analytical [119][120][121][122][123][124][125][126][127][128][129], environmental [130][131][132][133][134] and multidimensional [135][136][137] separations can be found in the literature. Very recently, new commercially available wide-pore stationary phases demonstrate exceptional efficiency for protein separations [138][139][140].…”

Separation of microcystins and nodularins by ultra performance liquid chromatography

“…A standard mix sample (STM2) containing 10 different microcystin variants and 3 nodularin variants was prepared as described in our earlier work [18] with the exception that the samples were further diluted to final concentrations of 4.6-11.8 g ml −1 (3-dm-MC-YR 1.3 g ml −1 ) in the present work. Microcystins were isolated from cultures of Microcystis PCC7820 (deposited at Institut Pasteur, Paris) and of Microcystis wesenbergii NIES-107 (deposited at the National Institute of Environmental Studies, Tsukuba, Japan).…”

“…In addition, we have studied high-throughput analyses of microcystins and nodularin-R on a short C18 column (30 mm × 4 mm i.d., 3 m particles) coupled to a mass spectrometer [16] and assessed a monolith column approach [17] to shorten the analysis time. Recently we reported on the separation of cyanobacterial toxin mixtures on sub-3 m columns coupled either to conventional HPLC-DAD system [18] or to a rapid resolution instrument, Agilent 1200 RRLC with MS detection [19].…”