Fast SARS-CoV-2 virus detection using disposable cartridge strips and a semiconductor-based biosensor platform

Abstract

Detection of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and inactivated virus was achieved using disposable and biofunctionalized functional strips, which can be connected externally to a reusable printed circuit board for signal amplification with an embedded metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET). A series of chemical reactions was performed to immobilize both a monoclonal antibody and a polyclonal antibody onto the Au-plated electrode used as the sensing surface. An important step in the biofunctionalization, namely, the formation of Au-plated clusters on the sensor strips, was verified by scanning electron microscopy, as well as electrical measurements, to confirm successful binding of thiol groups on this Au surface. The functionalized sensor was externally connected to the gate electrode of the MOSFET, and synchronous pulses were applied to both the sensing strip and the drain contact of the MOSFET. The resulting changes in the dynamics of drain waveforms were converted into analog voltages and digital readouts, which correlate with the concentration of proteins and virus present in the tested solution. A broad range of protein concentrations from 1 fg/ml to 10 μg/ml and virus concentrations from 100 to 2500 PFU/ml were detectable for the sensor functionalized with both antibodies. The results show the potential of this approach for the development of a portable, low-cost, and disposable cartridge sensor system for point-of-care detection of viral diseases.

Diving boldly into COVID‐19 contaminated wastewater: Eyes at nanotechnology‐assisted solutions

“…Reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), adsorption-elution techniques (electropositive or electronegative microfilter), polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation, gel electrophoresis, amplicon sequencing, ultrafiltration, aluminium flocculation as well as plaque-forming units (PFU) are the avenues all of which have been opened for virus detection since long. [45][46][47] To the best of our knowledge, many of the above-mentioned techniques are not employed for the novel SARS-CoV-2…”

Analytical Specificity and Microbial Interference Study of a 30-Second Quantitative SARS-CoV-2 Detection Biosensor System

“…1b. 10 By design, the strip received a synchronous 1.5 V pulse pattern to the electrode functionalized with antibodies along with another synchronized 5 V to the drain electrode of the MOSFET. The induced charge changes in the microfluidic channel were then returned to the gate electrode and amplified by the MOSFET.…”

“…A cost-effective, sensitive, and reconfigurable rapid detection platform was designed with a printed circuit board. 10 A double-pulse gating method was implemented to eliminate undesirable screening effects and charge accumulation. 11 Various targeted microbes such as the Zika virus, cerebrospinal fluid, and cardiac troponin I have all been detected with the same approach.…”

A Review on Potential Electrochemical Point-of-Care Tests Targeting Pandemic Infectious Disease Detection: COVID-19 as a Reference

“…Xian et al created an FET electrochemical framework for detecting SARS-CoV-2 S protein and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) simultaneously [100]. They developed an inexpensive disposable Si MOSFET cartridge sensor, with exterior sensor elements made from widely accessible glucose test strips that were biofunctionalized with SARS-CoV-2 antibodies or cTnI antibodies for this study (Figure 3F).…”