Fast pyrolysis of palm kernel cake using a fluidized bed reactor: Design of experiment and characteristics of bio-oil

Pyrolysis and catalytic upgrading of Citrus unshiu peel

“…Therefore, a desirable treatment method is needed to use C. unshiu peel for producing value added fuel or chemical source from the waste peel of C. unshiu. Pyrolysis is a thermal technique for the production of bio-oil from biomass at medium temperatures (mainly 400-600°C) with simple preparation (Cao et al, 2014;Heidari et al, 2014;Kim et al, 2015;Pidtasang et al, 2013;Park et al, 2014;Miskolczi, 2013;Ngo et al, 2013;Yang et al, 2014). The pyrolysis oil from C. unshiu peel consists of large amounts of oxygen-containing unstable chemicals, such as alcohols, furans and phenols, which can cause further reactions during storage and/or transportation (Kim et al, 2015).…”

Influence of alcohol addition on properties of bio-oil produced from fast pyrolysis of eucalyptus bark in a free-fall reactor

“…There are several types of pyrolysis reactors designed for bio-oil production such as fixed bed [1], bubbling fluidised-bed [2][3][4], circulating fluidised-bed [5], auger [6,7], vacuum [8][9][10], vortex [11], rotating cone [12], ablative [13,14] and free-fall [15][16][17]. All of these reactors were previously used to produce bio-oil with a wide range of biomass materials and process parameters such as pyrolysis temperature, vapour residence time, biomass feed rate, type and flow rate of inert gas, condensation temperature and run duration.…”

Effect of Operation Conditions on Pyrolysis of Larch Sawdust in a Bubbling Fluidized Bed

“…Phenol compounds increased with the increasing bed temperature, but guaiacol and syringol compounds decreased due to thermal degradation. In previous study, the detectable compounds of the bio oil were acetic acid, ketones, derivatives of furan, phenolics, esters, fatty acids and compounds with high molecular weights including syringol and guaiacol, which were generated by 1 st degradation and were converted into compounds with low molecular weights by 2 nd degradation [3,5,7].…”

“…Irrespective of the route, the inherent first step toward the thermochemical treatment of biomass is pyrolysis. Therefore, the pyrolysis step should be investigated, to obtain a solid understanding of combustion and gasification [1][2][3].…”