Fast parametric beamformer for synthetic aperture imaging

Nikolov, Svetoslav Ivanov; Jensen, Jørgen Arendt; Tomov, Borislav Gueorguiev

doi:10.1109/tuffc.2008.860

Cited by 39 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(32 reference statements)

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“…Other works [15], [16], [17], [18] have shown that a feasible alternative is to try to compute all delay coefficients onthe-fly on-chip. Since this computation involves the evaluation of complex functions like square roots, it is mandatory to identify accurate, fast and low-area approximation circuits [19], [20]. In particular, we have shown [5], [6] how a highly efficient architecture can be devised by accepting some inaccuracy in the calculation of the delays.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apodization scheme for hardware-efficient beamformer

Ibrahim

Angiolini

Arditi

et al. 2016

2016 12th Conference on Ph.D. Research in Microelectronics and Electronics (PRIME)

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Abstract-3D ultrasound is an emerging diagnostic technique that extends standard ultrasound imaging by capturing volumes, instead of planes. This brings completely new diagnostic opportunities, among which the possibility of disjoining image acquisition and analysis, thus enabling remote diagnosis, which would bring obvious medical and economic benefits.Unfortunately, 3D ultrasound is several orders of magnitude more computationally complex than 2D imaging. Therefore, algorithmic improvements to simplify the processing are mandatory in order to conceive cheap, portable, low-power imagers.The kernel of the 3D imaging process, called beamforming, consists essentially of computing delay and apodization profiles. We have previously devised an approximation of the delay calculation stage, which dramatically reduces hardware complexity. Unfortunately, this approximation introduces an intrinsic degree of inaccuracy that can be characterized as added image noise.In this paper, we identify an efficient approximated approach to the calculation of apodization profiles, that additionally minimizes (-76%) the error introduced during delay calculation. Together, these two techniques enable an efficient computation of 3D ultrasound images.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Apodization scheme for hardware-efficient beamformer

Ibrahim

Angiolini

Arditi

et al. 2016

2016 12th Conference on Ph.D. Research in Microelectronics and Electronics (PRIME)

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“…The angular sampling density is equal to the number of lines per revolution. Both ToF schemes can be calculated using the method described in [20], which has the same computational requirement per point regardless of whether 2 or 3 dimensions are used. This makes comparison in computational costs simpler since only the actual number of points will be significant.…”

Section: A 3d Beamforming Schemesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthetic aperture focusing for a single-element transducer undergoing helical motion

Andresen

Nikolov²,

Jensen

2011

IEEE Trans. Ultrason., Ferroelect., Freq. Contr.

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“…The next FPGA contains a fully parametric focusing unit that calculates delays and apodization values in real time in 3D space [6]. The FPGA houses 24 focusing units (6 x 4-way) each working in parallel at 220 MHz for parallel fourchannel beamforming.…”

Section: Real-time Vhdl Softwarementioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of SARUS: A synthetic aperture real-time ultrasound system

Jensen

Holten-Lund²,

Nielson³

et al. 2010

2010 IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium

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Abstract-The SARUS scanner (Synthetic Aperture Real-time Ultrasound System) for research purposes is described. It can acquire individual channel data for multi-element transducers for a couple of heart beats, and is capable of transmitting any kind of excitation. It houses generous and flexible processing resources that can be reprogrammed and tailored to many kinds of algorithms. The 64 boards in the system house 16 transmit and 16 receive channels each, where data can be stored in 2 GB of RAM and processed using four Virtex 4FX100 and one FX60 FPGAs. The VHDL code can acquire data for 16 channels and perform real-time processing for four channels per board. The receive processing chain consists of three FPGAs. The beamformer FPGA houses 24 focusing units (6 x 4-way) each working in parallel at 220 MHz for parallel four-channel beamforming. The fully parametric focusing unit calculates delays and apodization values in real time in 3D space and can produce 630 million complex samples per second. The processing can, thus, beamform 192 image lines consisting of 1024 complex samples for each emission at a rate of 3200 frames a second yielding full nonrecursive synthetic aperture B-mode imaging at more than 30 high resolution images a second.

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Fast parametric beamformer for synthetic aperture imaging

Cited by 39 publications

References 50 publications

Apodization scheme for hardware-efficient beamformer

Apodization scheme for hardware-efficient beamformer

Synthetic aperture focusing for a single-element transducer undergoing helical motion

Performance of SARUS: A synthetic aperture real-time ultrasound system

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