Fast Frequency Response From Offshore Multiterminal VSC–HVDC Schemes

Adeuyi, Oluwole Daniel; Cheah-Mañé, Marc; Liang, Jun; Jenkins, Nick

doi:10.1109/tpwrd.2016.2632860

Cited by 110 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…The experiment considers a fast frequency support coordination between different onshore ac grids interconnected by an MTDC grid following a frequency event. An alternative coordinated control (ACC) support scheme is adopted [20], [25]. The meshed MTDC grid is afforded by using the three-terminal VSC-HVDC test-rig, which is controlled via the dSPACE computer.…”

Section: Case 2: Frequency Support From Mtdc Gridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Provision of damping using power converters to enhance power system stability has been studied in [18]. Studies focusing on multi-terminal HVDC (MTDC) systems for frequency support and power flow control have been presented in [12], [19], [20]. However, sufficient detail on the RT-HiL platform and its components is normally omitted in the papers as the scope of the work is usually not the platform itself.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Real-Time Hardware-in-The-Loop Platform for Hybrid AC/DC Power System Studies

Joseph

Jose

Ugalde‐Loo

et al. 2019

2019 IEEE Milan PowerTech

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Conventional power system studies are normally performed using offline analytical tools and computer-based simulations. Hardware-in-the-loop (HiL) configurations are very helpful to carry out experimental tests in a safe environment without affecting the operation of a practical power system. Following this line, a real-time HiL (RT-HiL) platform suitable for a wide range of power system studies is presented in this paper. Emphasis is placed on the individual components of the platform. To demonstrate the capabilities of the RT-HiL configuration, two case studies are presented: subsynchronous resonance damping and fast frequency support provision. The ac grids are modeled in the RT simulator, while dc networks are implemented in a physical test-bed. The ability of the RT-HiL platform to emulate ac/dc interactions and grid support services is shown. For completeness, experimental results are compared against PSCAD simulation results-showing a good agreement. It should be emphasized that the presented experimental platform goes beyond conventional HiL setups instead representing a hybrid hardware-based emulator with RT-HiL simulation.

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Section: Case 2: Frequency Support From Mtdc Gridsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time Hardware-in-The-Loop Platform for Hybrid AC/DC Power System Studies

Joseph

Jose

Ugalde‐Loo

et al. 2019

2019 IEEE Milan PowerTech

Self Cite

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show abstract

“…With the increased need for renewable energy utilization and resource optimization, the modular multilevel converter (MMC) based DC grid has been a competitive candidate to integrate bulk renewable energy over long distance [1]- [3]. Different to the two-terminal HVDC systems, in a DC grid, multiple converters will feed fault currents to the faulted lines during DC faults, leading to high over-currents [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Transient Voltage-Based DC Fault Line Protection Scheme for MMC-Based DC Grid Embedding DC Breakers

Xiang

Yang

et al. 2019

IEEE Trans. Power Delivery

193

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Abstract-Fast and reliable DC fault detection is one of the main challenges for modular multilevel converter (MMC) based DC grid with DC circuit breakers (DCCBs). This paper extracts the high frequency components of transient voltages by wavelet transform and proposes a fault identification method based on the difference of transient voltages to identify the faulted lines for DC grids using overhead lines. Meanwhile, a faulted pole discrimination method based on the difference between the change of positive and negative pole voltages is presented. A line protection scheme including detection activation, fault identification, faulted pole discrimination and post-fault re-closing is designed. Using only the local measurements, the scheme can realize the protection of the whole line without communication and has the capability of fault resistance endurance and anti-disturbance. The proposed method is tested with a four-terminal MMC based DC grid in PSCAD/EMTDC. The selection methods of threshold values are presented and the impact of DCCB operation on the reliability of DC fault protection is analysed. Simulation results verify the fast detection and reliability of the designed DC line protection scheme. Index Terms-DC fault protection, fault identification, transient voltage, hybrid DC breaker, modular multilevel converter (MMC), post-fault re-closing.This paper is a post-print of a paper submitted to and accepted for publication in IEEE Transaction on Power Delivery and is subject to Institution of Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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“…This paper focuses on the frequency estimation using PLL due to its wide spread application in practical inverters. From the application perspective, authors in [19] have explored the fast frequency response potential from a offshore multi-terminal high voltage direct current scheme where a real time digital simulator based PLL module has been used that introduced a delay of 120 ms in detection of voltage variations. Similarly in [20], the synthetic inertia contribution from electric vehicles is explored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On Small Signal Frequency Stability under Virtual Inertia and the Role of PLLs

et al. 2018

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This paper presents a methodology that aims at identifying virtual inertia (VI) gain limitations from virtual synchronous generators (VSGs) while maintaining the frequency stability considering the delay associated with the frequency measurement process. The phase-locked loop (PLL) is typically used for frequency estimation that is used to calculate the rate of change of frequency (RoCoF) and it drives the VI loop. The PLL is generally accompanied by a low-pass filter that aims to suppress the impact of harmonics. This filter introduces a delay that when used with the VI control loop causes stability issues for high values of VI gain. A comparison of various PLL approaches suggests that certain variants tend to permit higher value of cut-off frequencies which can be utilized to increase the VI gain limit from VSG. This study presents a method by which the upper limit on VI gain can be quantified and related to the cut-off frequency of the PLL low pass filter that is indirectly representing the delay. It is performed using small signal frequency stability analysis on the frequency domain model of the grid with virtual inertia emulating VSG. The effective maximum VI gain from VSG is explored while satisfying the frequency measurement accuracy specification considering harmonics. The results show that the requirements of reaching a stable operation with sufficient stability margins can still be met with a faster PLL-based system and the potential increases in VI support from VSG can be quantified using the proposed method. The study has been first performed on a single machine single inverter bus (SMSIB) system and is generalized to the multi-machine and multi-inverter system.

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Fast Frequency Response From Offshore Multiterminal VSC–HVDC Schemes

Cited by 110 publications

References 21 publications

Real-Time Hardware-in-The-Loop Platform for Hybrid AC/DC Power System Studies

Real-Time Hardware-in-The-Loop Platform for Hybrid AC/DC Power System Studies

A Transient Voltage-Based DC Fault Line Protection Scheme for MMC-Based DC Grid Embedding DC Breakers

On Small Signal Frequency Stability under Virtual Inertia and the Role of PLLs

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