Fascial plane blocks for breast surgery – current state of knowledge

Abstract

Breast cancer is the most common oncological disease among women in the population of Western countries. it affects nearly 1.5 million patients per year globally [1]. Despite the increasing number of cases, early detection and diagnosis are constantly improving. Growing social awareness and greater availability of oncological procedures cause more patients to require surgical treatment. Oncological breast surgery has evolved significantly in the last two decades, and breast conserving therapy (Bct), followed by radiotherapy and oncoplastic procedures, is replacing the less frequently performed radical procedures. Particular emphasis is placed on limiting the extent of the procedure, comprehensive treatment, and individualization. the change of approach, multidisciplinary and comprehensive treatment, and better knowledge about cancer biology have all improved patients' survival from 45-50% at the beginning of the 20 th century to almost 90% today [2]. currently, a patient suffering from breast

Evaluation of the Efficacy of Pectoral Nerve-2 Block (PECS 2) in Breast Cancer Surgery

“…Introduced in 2012 by Blanco, PECS II is one of the newer ultrasound-guided interfascial regional anesthetic technique successfully adapted for breast surgery [4]. The extent of the blockade, which covers both pectoral muscles, the serratus anterior, the cutaneous innervation of the mammary gland, and partly the armpit, is optimal for ample breast surgery procedures such as mastectomy, quadrantectomy, or breast procedures extended by revision of the axillary fossa [7][8][9]. Compared to other local anesthetic techniques that can be applied in breast surgery, PECS is feasible concerning technical challenges and procedural time and is associated with fewer possible complications [7,8], as ultrasound gives a clear view of the main vessels and pleura [10][11][12][13].…”

“…Following general anesthesia induction, each patient in group 2 received additional PECS II anesthesia using 0.2% ropivacaine (volume of 20 mL). This type of anesthesia was performed solely under ultrasound guidance using the Philips Sparq ultrasound unit (USA, 2014) with a linear transducer (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12). Basic imaging parameters (depth, gain, focus) were adjusted based on anatomical conditions to obtain the best possible image quality.…”