Famine in Scotland - the 'Ill Years' of the 1690s

Cullen, Karen J.

doi:10.1515/9780748641840

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 49 publications

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“…10 The Catholic Church in Poland did not respond in any substantial way to the crises of the era, a practice markedly different from that of the Protestant Church or even Catholic France. 11 These various aspects of famines have not been studied with reference to Poland.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Famines in the manorial economy of eighteenth-century Poland

Miodunka

2022

Rural History

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On the basis of eight available terriers of a large royal estate of Niepołomice in southern Poland and of the vital records of two parishes located on its area, all dating from the early eighteenth century, this article examines the effect of famines on the economic situation of both feudal lords and their peasant tenants. The restrictive framework of the second serfdom in Poland did not prevent two severe mortality crises at the time triggered by crop failures. The key hazards caused by the famines for demesne economy were shortages of corvée labour and peasant-owned draught animals. While the famine mortality that affected the peasants reported as farmers in the terriers was not high, the famines were conducive to peasant impoverishment and reshuffled groups of various financial statuses.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Famines in the manorial economy of eighteenth-century Poland

Miodunka

2022

Rural History

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“God Wotte What Liquor”: Brewing History and Memory in Early Modern England

Tann

2022

The New Middle Ages

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Climatic controls on the survival and loss of ancient types of barley on North Atlantic Islands

Martin¹,

Brown

George

et al. 2023

Climatic Change

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For ancient types of barley at sites in the Scottish Isles, Faroes, and Iceland, we calculated minimum temperature requirements for grain production (grain production threshold, GPT) as accumulated degree days over the cropping season. Site suitability for barley from AD 1200 to 2000 was investigated by comparing these thresholds with reconstructions of annual cropping season degree days (CSDD) using temperature and tree-ring data. In Iceland, between AD 1200 and 1500, reconstructed CSDD were more favorable in the southwest (Reykjavik), with fewer years below the GPT, than in the North, East and West, but there were two periods (1340–1389 and 1426–1475) with low average CSDD and several years below the GPT which possibly influenced the abandonment of barley cultivation around this time. Reconstructed CSDD for the Faroes (Tórshavn) had only one year below the GPT, but 15 periods of four or more consecutive years with low CSDD which would have challenged barley cultivation, especially in the thirteenth century. Reconstructed CSDD were highest for the Scottish Isles, allowing a more prominent role of barley in the farming system and economy. Nevertheless, years with poor harvests or famines were common and about half were associated with low CSDD, resulting in a significant temperature link but also demonstrating the important contribution of other factors. Despite frequent unfavorable years in both the Faroes and Scottish Isles, resilient production systems, well-adapted barley strains and socio-economic factors allowed barley cultivation to continue, and some ancient types to survive to the present day.

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Famine in Scotland - the 'Ill Years' of the 1690s

Cited by 7 publications

References 49 publications

Famines in the manorial economy of eighteenth-century Poland

Famines in the manorial economy of eighteenth-century Poland

“God Wotte What Liquor”: Brewing History and Memory in Early Modern England

Climatic controls on the survival and loss of ancient types of barley on North Atlantic Islands

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