Familiarity and recollection in Williams syndrome

Costanzo, Floriana; Vicari, Stefano; Carlesimo, Giovanni Augusto

doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2011.06.007

Cited by 15 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…However, the conflicting findings in WS regarding recall and recognition are inconclusive. To clarify this issue, Costanzo et al (2013) explored recollection in WS using two paradigms (PDP and associative recognition) to measure recollection objectively. Results of the two experimental tasks showed a reduced contribution of recollection and a preserved contribution of familiarity.…”

Section: Neurodevelopmental Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subjective Experience of Episodic Memory and Metacognition: A Neurodevelopmental Approach

Souchay

Guillery‐Girard

Pauly-Takacs

et al. 2013

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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Episodic retrieval is characterized by the subjective experience of remembering. This experience enables the co-ordination of memory retrieval processes and can be acted on metacognitively. In successful retrieval, the feeling of remembering may be accompanied by recall of important contextual information. On the other hand, when people fail (or struggle) to retrieve information, other feelings, thoughts, and information may come to mind. In this review, we examine the subjective and metacognitive basis of episodic memory function from a neurodevelopmental perspective, looking at recollection paradigms (such as source memory, and the report of recollective experience) and metacognitive paradigms such as the feeling of knowing). We start by considering healthy development, and provide a brief review of the development of episodic memory, with a particular focus on the ability of children to report first-person experiences of remembering. We then consider neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) such as amnesia acquired in infancy, autism, Williams syndrome, Down syndrome, or 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. This review shows that different episodic processes develop at different rates, and that across a broad set of different NDDs there are various types of episodic memory impairment, each with possibly a different character. This literature is in agreement with the idea that episodic memory is a multifaceted process.

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Section: Neurodevelopmental Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subjective Experience of Episodic Memory and Metacognition: A Neurodevelopmental Approach

Souchay

Guillery‐Girard

Pauly-Takacs

et al. 2013

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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“…The prevailing methodology used to characterize cognitive functioning compares DS subjects, or those with other learning disabilities of genetic origin (e.g., Williams-Beuren and Fragile-X Syndromes) or unknown etiology, to healthy controls of the same “mental age.” The comparison is assumed to provide an index of global level of mental maturation (Edgin et al, 2010b ; Finestack and Abbeduto, 2010 ; Costanzo et al, 2013a ). These approaches are based on the notion that the mental maturation rate in subjects with intellectual disability differs substantially from typically developed subjects of equal chronological age, but should not differ significantly, or only in certain capacities, when matched for their “mental age” (Costanzo et al, 2013b ). Whilst this perspective has been valuable for characterizing the DS cognitive phenotype, it is not useful for determining the gap in cognitive performance between DS subjects and healthy adults, which is the cognitive target we aim for in clinical trials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new cognitive evaluation battery for Down syndrome and its relevance for clinical trials

et al. 2015

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The recent prospect of pharmaceutical interventions for cognitive impairment of Down syndrome (DS) has boosted a number of clinical trials in this population. However, running the trials has raised some methodological challenges and questioned the prevailing methodology used to evaluate cognitive functioning of DS individuals. This is usually achieved by comparing DS individuals to matched healthy controls of the same mental age. We propose a new tool, the TESDAD Battery that uses comparison with age-matched typically developed adults. This is an advantageous method for probing the clinical efficacy of DS therapies, allowing the interpretation and prediction of functional outcomes in clinical trials. In our DS population the TESDAD battery permitted a quantitative assessment of cognitive defects, which indicated language dysfunction and deficits in executive function, as the most important contributors to other cognitive and adaptive behavior outcomes as predictors of functional change in DS. Concretely, auditory comprehension and functional academics showed the highest potential as end-point measures of therapeutic intervention for clinical trials: the former as a cognitive key target for therapeutic intervention, and the latter as a primary functional outcome measure of clinical efficacy. Our results also emphasize the need to explore the modulating effects of IQ, gender and age on cognitive enhancing treatments. Noticeably, women performed significantly better than men of the same age and IQ in most cognitive tests, with the most consistent differences occurring in memory and executive functioning and negative trends rarely emerged on quality of life linked to the effect of age after adjusting for IQ and gender. In sum, the TESDAD battery is a useful neurocognitive tool for probing the clinical efficacy of experimental therapies in interventional studies in the DS population suggesting that age-matched controls are advantageous for determining normalization of DS.

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“…Not only is the ability to make an association between extracts of information particularly problematic for many individuals with WS (Costanzo, Vicari, & Carlesimo, 2011), it is also a key attribute of episodic memory ability. Long-term episodic memory can be defined as the ability to remember rich details of previously encountered events, which would include not only memory for items but also any accompanying associations and contextual details.…”

Section: Depths Of Memory Processing In Adults With Williams Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Deeper processing is beneficial during episodic memory encoding for adults with Williams syndrome

Greer

Hamiliton

Riby

et al. 2014

Research in Developmental Disabilities

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Familiarity and recollection in Williams syndrome

Cited by 15 publications

References 73 publications

Subjective Experience of Episodic Memory and Metacognition: A Neurodevelopmental Approach

Subjective Experience of Episodic Memory and Metacognition: A Neurodevelopmental Approach

A new cognitive evaluation battery for Down syndrome and its relevance for clinical trials

Deeper processing is beneficial during episodic memory encoding for adults with Williams syndrome

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