Deeper processing is beneficial during episodic memory encoding for adults with Williams syndrome

Greer, Joanna; Hamiliton, Colin; Riby, Deborah M.; Riby, Leigh M.

doi:10.1016/j.ridd.2014.03.004

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…However, it is true that the results of this meta-analysis do not allow us to explore in depth whether semantic memory organisation itself might be different in this population (i.e., whether the semantic relationships established in the mental lexicon are similar/dissimilar between WS and other neurodevelopmental profiles); future studies in this field should continue to explore this issue. Finally, our results suggest that people with WS do not make use of the lexical-semantic information present in the studied materials to improve their performance in verbal working memory tasks, contradicting certain claims made in previous studies in this field (e.g., Greer et al, 2014; Laing et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Beyond the conservative hypothesis: a meta-analysis of lexical-semantic processing in Williams syndrome

et al. 2023

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Williams syndrome (WS) is a rare genetic disorder, characterised at the cognitive level by a phenotypic pattern of relative weaknesses (e.g., visuospatial skills) and strengths (e.g., some linguistic and nonverbal reasoning skills). In this study, we performed a systematic search and meta-analysis on lexical-semantic processing in WS, an area of knowledge in which contradictory results have been obtained. We found 42 studies matching our criteria, and, in total, 78 effect sizes were included in the meta-analysis. Results showed that individuals with WS have worse lexical-semantic skills than individuals with typical development, whether matched by chronological or mental age. However, people with WS have better lexical-semantic skills than people diagnosed with other cognitive disabilities. Finally, vocabulary skills seem to be relatively spared in WS, although they present some difficulties in semantic processing/integration, semantic memory organisation and verbal working memory skills. Taken together, these results support a neuroconstructivist approach, according to which the cognitive mechanisms involved in lexical-semantic processing may be modulated, even when performance in some tasks (i.e., vocabulary tasks) might be optimal.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Beyond the conservative hypothesis: a meta-analysis of lexical-semantic processing in Williams syndrome

et al. 2023

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“…Fourth, individuals with Williams Syndrome, a genetic disorder characterized by severe spatial impairments, show overall conservation of hippocampal volume but slight differences in hippocampal shape compared to healthy controls (Meyer‐Lindenberg et al, ). Critically, Williams Syndrome patients also show atypical performance on reorientation tasks (Ferrara & Landau, ), with less automatic use of geometric information like relative wall lengths, and less efficient combination of geometric with featural cues, as well as impaired processing of episodic information during free‐recall tasks (Devenny et al, ; Greer, Hamiliton, Riby, & Riby, ) than participants in control groups. Thus, combining a hippocampal‐dependent EBC paradigm with spatial reorientation and episodic memory tests provides a novel yet useful test case for studying the development of the hippocampus in young children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using hippocampal‐dependent eyeblink conditioning to predict individual differences in spatial reorientation strategies in 3‐ to 6‐year‐olds

Vieites

Pruden

Shusterman

et al. 2019

Developmental Science

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The hippocampus is a subcortical structure in the medial temporal lobe involved in cognitive functions such as spatial navigation and reorientation, episodic memory, and associative learning. While much is understood about the role of hippocampal function in learning and memory in adults, less is known about the relations between the hippocampus and the development of these cognitive skills in young children due to the limitations of using standard methods (e.g., MRI) to examine brain structure and function in developing populations. This study used hippocampal‐dependent trace eyeblink conditioning (EBC) as a feasible approach to examine individual differences in hippocampal functioning as they relate to spatial reorientation and episodic memory performance in young children. Three‐ to six‐year‐old children (N = 50) completed tasks that measured EBC, spatial reorientation, and episodic memory, as well as non‐hippocampal‐dependent processing speed abilities. Results revealed that when age was held constant, individual differences in EBC performance were significantly related to individual differences in performance on the spatial reorientation test, but not on the episodic memory or processing speed tests. When the relations between hippocampal‐dependent EBC and different reorientation strategies were explored, it was found that individual differences in hippocampal function predicted the use of geometric information for reorienting in space as opposed to a combined strategy that uses both geometric information and salient visual cues. The utilization of eyeblink conditioning to examine hippocampal function in young populations and its implications for understanding the dissociation between spatial reorientation and episodic memory development are discussed.

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Effect of retrieval reward on episodic recognition with different difficulty: ERP evidence

Yan

Ding²,

Li³

et al. 2023

International Journal of Psychophysiology

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Deeper processing is beneficial during episodic memory encoding for adults with Williams syndrome

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

Beyond the conservative hypothesis: a meta-analysis of lexical-semantic processing in Williams syndrome

Beyond the conservative hypothesis: a meta-analysis of lexical-semantic processing in Williams syndrome

Using hippocampal‐dependent eyeblink conditioning to predict individual differences in spatial reorientation strategies in 3‐ to 6‐year‐olds

Effect of retrieval reward on episodic recognition with different difficulty: ERP evidence

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