Familial Patterns of Inheritance of Diabetes Mellitus. Maturity-Onset Type Diabetes of Young People (MODY)

Cloutier, M. C.; Fajans, Stefan S.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-9110-8_10

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…Occasionally, the onset of MOD occurs very early, even before 10 years of age. These cases, referred to as MODY (maturity-onset diabetes of young people), are said to have an autosomal dominant inheritance (892). However, the onset of the disease in most family members occurs between 20 and 50 years of age and the earliest cases are often symptomless.…”

Section: Commonly Used Methods In Population Investigationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolism and possible health effects of aluminum.

Ganrot¹

1986

Environ Health Perspect

201

150

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Literature regarding the biochemistry of aluminum and eight similar ions is reviewed. Close and hitherto unknown similarities were found. A hypothetical model is presented for the metabolism, based on documented direct observations of Al3+ and analogies from other ions. Main characteristics are low intestinal absorption, rapid urinary excretion, and slow tissue uptake, mostly in skeleton and reticuloendothelial cells. Intracellular Al3+ is probably first confined in the lysosomes but then slowly accumulates in the cell nucleus and chromatin. Large, long-lived cells, e.g., neurons, may be the most liable to this accumulation. In heterochromatin, Al3+ levels can be found comparable to those used in leather tannage. It is proposed that an accumulation may take place at a subcellular level without any significant increase in the corresponding tissue concentration. The possible effects of this accumulation are discussed. As Al3+ is neurotoxic, the brain metabolism is most interesting. The normal and the lethally toxic brain levels of Al3+ are well documented and differ only by a factor of 3-10. The normal brain uptake of Al3+ is estimated from data on intestinal uptake of Al3+ and brain uptake of radionuclides of similar ions administered intravenously. The uptake is very slow, 1 mg in 36 years, and is consistent with an assumption that Al3+ taken up by the brain cannot be eliminated and is therefore accumulated. The possibility that Al3+ may cause or contribute to some specific diseases, most of them related to aging, is discussed with the proposed metabolic picture in mind.

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Section: Commonly Used Methods In Population Investigationsmentioning

confidence: 99%