False memory production in schizophrenia: A neurophysiological investigation

Favre, Grégoire; Horat, Sibylle K.; Herrmann, Françoís; Gothuey, Isabelle; Ventura, Joseph; Merlo, M.C.G.; Missonnier, Pascal

doi:10.1016/j.scog.2020.100174

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Furthermore, the DRM paradigm has also been employed to study false memories in different clinical populations such as patients with schizophrenia (e.g., Bhatt et al, 2010;Favre et al, 2020), Alzheimer's disease (e.g., Malone et al, 2019;Howe and Akhtar, 2020), or autism spectrum disorder (e.g., Wojcik et al, 2018). Additionally, it has been used throughout development in children (e.g., Carneiro et al, 2007;Brainerd et al, 2008;Knott et al, 2011), and older adults (e.g., McCabe et al, 2009;Devitt and Schacter, 2016).…”

Section: False Memories: the Drm Paradigmmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Language Proficiency in False Memory: A Mini Review

Suarez

Beato

2021

Front. Psychol.

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Memory errors and, specifically, false memories in the Deese/Roediger–McDermott paradigm have been extensively studied in the past decades. Most studies have investigated false memory in monolinguals’ native or first language (L1), but interest has also grown in examining false memories in participants’ second language (L2) with different proficiency levels. The main purpose of this manuscript is to review the current state of knowledge on the role of language proficiency on false memories when participants encode and retrieve information in the same language. To do so, a systematic literature search was conducted, and the available studies were reviewed. These studies differed in, for example, age, language proficiency, or material characteristics, including both high and low associative strength lists, and they reported different results. In this review, we attempted to make sense of the apparently contradictory results by carefully identifying participants’ language dominance and L2 proficiency. Specifically, the results indicated that, first, people are more prone to produce false memories in their dominant than in their non-dominant language. This result generalizes to lists with high and low associative strength, as well as to participants of different ages. Second, false memories do not differ between two languages when speakers are equally proficient in both languages. Finally, highly proficient L2 speakers produce more false memories in their L2 than speakers with lower L2 proficiency. The results of this review will be considered in the light of the theoretical frameworks of false memories and bilingual language processing.

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Section: False Memories: the Drm Paradigmmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Language Proficiency in False Memory: A Mini Review

Suarez

Beato

2021

Front. Psychol.

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“…Therefore, if encoding processes are deficient in individuals with schizophrenia, then the higher correct and false recognition rates (compared to recall) could be based on the fluency with which each item was activated during the recognition task, as the signal detection analyses tend to confirm. Recent neuropsychological measures support the idea that schizophrenia patients relied on familiarity during the DRM task compared to healthy controls (Favre et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…To determine whether the recognition scores could be attributed to changes in sensitivity or response bias, we performed a signal detection analysis with A’ as an estimate of sensitivity, and B D ” as an estimate of response bias (Donaldson, 1992; Favre et al, 2020; Ost et al, 2013; Robin & Mahé, 2015; Snodgrass & Corwin, 1988; Van Damme, 2013).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

False Memories in Individuals With Stabilized Schizophrenia

2022

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This study aimed to examine the false memories in individuals with stabilized schizophrenia. Using the Deese, Roediger, and McDermott (DRM) task, schizophrenia patients and matched healthy controls had to recall words from each DRM list. Following the presentation of the DRM lists, the participants performed a recognition task. Neuropsychological tests were also administered. Results demonstrated that patients with schizophrenia recalled and recognized significantly fewer studied words than the healthy participants. This failure in retrieval is likely to result from a lack of encoding strategies. Results also showed that a stabilized schizophrenic pathology neither increased nor reduced false memories. Patients and controls showed high levels of false memories. Signal detection analyses revealed that patients discarded the critical word as not having been studied, relying on a lax decision criterion (based on familiarity, best guess or chance). Although false memories fell within the normal range for both groups, in individuals with schizophrenia they probably result from deficient encoding processes. Nevertheless, correlational analyses did not show which cognitive deficits contribute to false memories in schizophrenia.

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“…Most studies did not find a relationship between P200 and different cognitive functions, such as working memory [ 147 , 164 ], episodic memory [ 160 ], attention [ 147 ], executive functioning [ 147 , 196 ], speed of processing [ 196 ] and verbal and visual memory [ 147 , 196 ] in SCZ. However, a study reported a correlation between P200 amplitude and executive functioning in SCZ [ 162 ], and another one carried out in FEP subjects found a correlation with processing speed (Morales-Muñoz et al, 2017).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, some authors reported significant negative correlations of N400 amplitude with language comprehension [ 222 ], and the MCCB cognitive composite score [ 224 ] in SCZ, as well as with verbal learning and memory [ 223 ] in CHR. Other studies reported no significant correlations between N400 and episodic memory [ 160 ], executive functioning [ 196 ], speed of processing [ 196 ], verbal and visual memory [ 196 ] in SCZ.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unveiling the Associations between EEG Indices and Cognitive Deficits in Schizophrenia-Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review

et al. 2022

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Cognitive dysfunctions represent a core feature of schizophrenia-spectrum disorders due to their presence throughout different illness stages and their impact on functioning. Abnormalities in electrophysiology (EEG) measures are highly related to these impairments, but the use of EEG indices in clinical practice is still limited. A systematic review of articles using Pubmed, Scopus and PsychINFO was undertaken in November 2021 to provide an overview of the relationships between EEG indices and cognitive impairment in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. Out of 2433 screened records, 135 studies were included in a qualitative review. Although the results were heterogeneous, some significant correlations were identified. In particular, abnormalities in alpha, theta and gamma activity, as well as in MMN and P300, were associated with impairments in cognitive domains such as attention, working memory, visual and verbal learning and executive functioning during at-risk mental states, early and chronic stages of schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. The review suggests that machine learning approaches together with a careful selection of validated EEG and cognitive indices and characterization of clinical phenotypes might contribute to increase the use of EEG-based measures in clinical settings.

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False memory production in schizophrenia: A neurophysiological investigation

Cited by 5 publications

References 47 publications

The Role of Language Proficiency in False Memory: A Mini Review

The Role of Language Proficiency in False Memory: A Mini Review

False Memories in Individuals With Stabilized Schizophrenia

Unveiling the Associations between EEG Indices and Cognitive Deficits in Schizophrenia-Spectrum Disorders: A Systematic Review

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