Faktor-faktor Kejayaan Qari Negeri Terengganu dalam Kesenian Lagu Al-Quran

Abstract

Tarannum is one of the high value heritage of human civilization. This paper examines the success factors of the reciter (qari) in the state of Terengganu between 1960 and 2013. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 11 individuals and analyzed qualitatively. The study found that seven factors that bring success such as exposure from an early stage, motivation, talent, voice and interest to learn the tarannum, learn from the experts, have learning strategies effectively, learn rhythm tarannum of Egyptian qari and voice control and attention toward aspects of ikhtilal al-lahn, burda and wuslah. Qari internal aspects and the environmental aspect also plays an important role in the success of the reciter. The implications of this study is further discuss.
 Keyword: Tarannum; Islamic civilization; arts; Qari; Terengganu.
 ABSTRAK: Kesenian lagu al-Quran atau ilmu tarannum merupakan salah satu warisan peradaban manusia yang mempunyai nilai yang tinggi. Kertas kerja ini mengkaji faktor-faktor kejayaan qari di negeri Terengganu antara tahun 1960 hingga 2013. Data dikumpulkan melalui kaedah temubual semi-struktur terhadap 11 orang qari dan dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil kajian mendapati tujuh faktor yang membawa kejayaan qari seperti pendedahan dari peringkat awal, mempunyai motivasi, bakat, suara dan minat untuk mempelajari tarannum, belajar dari guru yang pakar, mempunyai strategi belajar yang berkesan, mempelajari rentak tarannum daripada qari Mesir dan penguasaan suara serta penjagaan aspek ikhtilal al-lahn, burdah dan wuslah. Aspek dalaman qari dan aspek luaran iaitu persekitaran memainkan peranan penting dalam memberi kejayaan kepada qari-qari dari negeri Terengganu. Implikasi kajian ini boleh diterapkan sebagai faktor pendorong kepada generasi baru untuk turut melakar kejayaan dalam ilmu tarannum al-Quran.
 Kata kunci: Tarannum; Peradaban Islam; Kesenian; Qari; Terengganu.

A Preliminary Study of Basic Vocal Training Methods among Malaysian Young Qari

“…This exercise prevents vocal damage such as hoarseness or other vocal problems. Vocal warmup exercises are also practised by skilled qari and qariah, such as chanting qasidah (Omar, Ismail, Rahman, & Azman, 2017). Based on the researchers' experience, certain tausyikhs or naghams in the form of prayers or Islamic poems are also suitable to be practised as one of the methods to warm up the vocal cord before starting the tarannum recitation training.…”

“…Burdah serves to beautify each harakat of tarannum. Therefore, it needs to be arranged carefully and wisely by qari in each harakat (Omar, Ismail, et al 2017;Abdullah & Daud, 2018). The arrangement of burdah in a harakat should consider tone suitability, tajweed, fasohah and the meaning of the verse.…”