Failure to Find Improved Shuttle-Box Avoidance Performance Using d-Amphetamine Sulfate

Powell, Barbara J.; Martin, Louis K.; Kamano, Dennis K.

doi:10.2466/pr0.1965.17.1.330

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Amphetamine increased m-c but did not improve CAR acquisition, a finding consistent with another study (Powell, Martin, & Kamano, 1965a). Increasing activity level per se does not invariably improve CAR acquisition.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Effects of amphetamine, Dexamyl and meprobamate on poor shuttle-box avoidance performers

1967

Self Cite

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Effects of amphetamine, Dexamyl and meprobamate on poor shuttle-box avoidance performers

1967

Self Cite

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“…Although the amphetamine Ss in the study by Powell, et al (1965) did not demonstrate significantly more conditioned-avoidance responses than shown by the placebo-concol Ss, they did give a higher average number of such responses. This difference, although non-significant, may have resulted from the increased accivity cbserved following administration of the drug.…”

contrasting

confidence: 50%

“…The difference in the effect of amphetamine on avoidance conditioning observed by Krieckhaus, et a1. (1965 ) andPowell, et al (1965 ) might be due partially to the differenrial interaction of the drug with a tone CS in the former snldy and with a light CS in the latter snidy.…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

“…( 1 ) Since amphetamice has been observed to increase gross activity (Powell, et al, 1965;Cole, 1966) as well as to facilitate avoidance conditioning, the effect of the drug on bodily acciviry cannot be ignored in the conditioned-avoidance task. Although the amphetamine Ss in the study by Powell, et al (1965) did not demonstrate significantly more conditioned-avoidance responses than shown by the placebo-concol Ss, they did give a higher average number of such responses.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comments on the Effect of Amphetamine in Avoidance Conditioning

Cole

1966

Psychol Rep

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Conflicting evidence related to the effect of amphetamine in avoidance conditioning is noted. Although a “freezing reduction” hypothesis has been most widely employed to explain the facilitating effect of the drug in such conditioning, the need for expanding the hypothesis to include consideration of the interaction of the drug with experimental conditions and the effect of the drug on bodily activity is suggested.

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“…üther studies have failed to demonstrate a facilitation of avoidance acquisition in rats (BOVET and GATT I, 1965;POWELL et al , 1965;PLOTNIKOFF, 1966) and mice (BIANCHI and MARAZZI-UBERTI, 1969). Passive avoidance acquisition was even disrupted by amphetamine in control mice, while mice lesioned in the frontal cortex were less disrupted .…”

Section: E) Discriminate a Voidance Response In The Skinner Boxmentioning

confidence: 99%

General Pharmacology of Amphetamine-Like Drugs

Änggård¹,

Lewander²,

Gunne³

1973

Drug Addiction II

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Amphetamine and related central stimulant drugs are derivatives of ß-phenylethylamine (Table 1) and are thus relatively simple organic bases. The general ßphenylethylamine skeleton is one which amphetamine shares with the neurotransmitters noradrenaline, adrenaline, and dopamine. Phenylethylamine itselfhas central stimulant properties, but has an extremely short half-life in the body due to rapid metabolism by monoamine oxidase (MAO). Amphetamine has, due to steric hindrance by the ex-methyl group, much less affinity for MAO and therefore has a longer half-Iife.Most amphetamines have cardiovascular, psychomotor stimulant, hyperthermic, and anorexigenic actions. All of the structural features of amphetamine are important far its spectrum of pharmacologic activity. Any alteration may enhance, diminish, or attenuate one or several components in the actions of the parent drug. (1) Substitution of the phenyl ring, (2) alteration of the length of the side chain, (3) substitution on the primary nitrogen group, (4) substitution of the ex-and ß-carbon atoms, and (5) their absolute configuration have been studied and will be briefly discussed here. For a more thorough review on the subject the reader is referred to the papers by BIEL (1970), vANRossuM and SIMONS (1969) and VREE (1973. The effect of ring and side-chain substitution on distribution and elimination of the amphetamines has been discussed by BECKETT and BROOKES (1970). recently reviewed the biochemical pharmacology of the amphetamines. The metabolism and disposition of methylphenidate were reported by F ARAJ et al.

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Failure to Find Improved Shuttle-Box Avoidance Performance Using d-Amphetamine Sulfate

Cited by 17 publications

References 6 publications

Effects of amphetamine, Dexamyl and meprobamate on poor shuttle-box avoidance performers

Effects of amphetamine, Dexamyl and meprobamate on poor shuttle-box avoidance performers

Comments on the Effect of Amphetamine in Avoidance Conditioning

General Pharmacology of Amphetamine-Like Drugs

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