Failure to Demonstrate Special Virulence of Nontypable Haemophilus influenzae Biotype 4 in Neonatal Sepsis

Kleiman, Martin B.; Reynolds, Janet K.; Schreiner, Richard L.; Smith, James W.

doi:10.1093/infdis/148.3.615

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Although it is not firmly established, these organisms appear to be involved in certain infectious process (13,30). A role for Haemophilus parainfluenzae in non-gonococcal urethritis has been suggested (6,14,31,32), and Haemophilus influenzae biotype IV is considered to possibly be a pathogen in obstetrical and neonatal infections (15,(33)(34)(35) although its role as a major pathogen may be questionable (36,37,38). Consequently, the use of suitable selective media for isolation of Haernophilus spp.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution ofHaemophilus influenzae andHaemophilus parainfluenzae biotypes isolated from the human genitourinary tract

Drouet

Denoyel

Boude

et al. 1989

Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis.

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A total of 3,598 genital specimens from men and women was cultured for Haemophilus spp. using a simple selective culture method. Two hundred and thirty three samples (6.5%) were positive for Haemophilus spp., 216 Haemophilus parainfluenzae and 28 Haemophilus influenzae strains being isolated. Biotyping demonstrated that Haemophilus parainfluenzae biotype II was dominant at all sites, especially the male urethra, comprising 59% of all Haemophilus strains isolated. On the other hand, Haemophilus influenzae biotype IV was isolated from only six patients and thus was not a major genital biotype. The respective proportions of the two Haemophilus spp. recovered from various mucosal sites led to the supposition that the genitourinary colonization originated either from the upper respiratory tract or the gastrointestinal tract.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution ofHaemophilus influenzae andHaemophilus parainfluenzae biotypes isolated from the human genitourinary tract

Drouet

Denoyel

Boude

et al. 1989

Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis.

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“…The anatomic origins of the isolates are listed in Table 1. Some of the isolates have been described previously (Wallace et al, 1983;Kleiman et al, 1983;Campognone & Singer, 1986;Musser et al, 1986a;Quentin et al, 1987Quentin et al, , 1989.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Genital and mother-infant infections, neonatal septicaemia and meningitis episodes caused by Haernophilus injluenzae were reported with increased frequency in the 1980s (Wallace et al, 1983;Kleiman et al, 1983;Friesen & Cho, 1986;Quentin et al, 1987). Unlike strains recovered from invasive episodes in children occurring after the first month of life, those isolated from neonates are usually non-typable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urogenital, maternal and neonatal isolates of Haemophilus influenzae: identification of unusually virulent serologically non-typable clone families and evidence for a new Haemophilus species

Quentin

Goudeau

Wallace

et al. 1990

Journal of General Microbiology

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A collection of 117 strains of Haemophilus influenzae, including 112 non-typable isolates recovered predominantly in the USA and France from genital, obstetric and neonatal sources, was characterized by the electrophoretic mobilities of 10 metabolic enzymes. Eighty-six distinctive multilocus chromosomal genotypes (electrophoretic types, ETs) were distinguished on the basis of allele profiles at the enzyme loci. Isolates of five allied biotype IV ETs were highly divergent from all other strains and hybridization of chromosomal DNA revealed that they undoubtedly represent a previously unrecognized species of Haemophilus. Isolates representing these ETs were recovered predominantly from obstetric infections and serious neonatal diseases and apparently possess specific tropism for the genital tract. Strains of these five ETs were present in samples from both the USA and France, but only in the USA did they cause bacteraemia and meningitis, an occurrence which probably reflects differences in patient management between the two countries. Although strains assigned to H. influenzae (sensu stricto) were strongly polymorphic in multilocus enzyme genotype, 69 % of isolates recovered from patients with meningitis and/or septicaemia were assigned to only two clone families, a result suggesting that some serologically nontypable strains of H. influenzae originating from the genital tract are unusually virulent.

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“…The first neonatal, perinatal, and genital infections due to Haemophilus strains were described in the early 1900s (22,40,66), but the number of cases, while remaining low, has increased only in the last 15 years (3,10,16,20,37,58,72). A specific tropism of some Haemophilus influenza strains to the genital tract has been suggested from biotyping and serotyping studies (2,58,72); this is not unanimously admitted (41). Haemophilus parainfluenzae has also been shown to be involved in venereal diseases (27).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Typing of urogenital, maternal, and neonatal isolates of Haemophilus influenzae and Haemophilus parainfluenzae in correlation with clinical source of isolation and evidence for a genital specificity of H. influenzae biotype IV

et al. 1989

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Over a period of 6 years, 114 strains of Haemophilus influenza and Haemophilus parainfluenzae were isolated from genital, mother-infant, or neonatal infections. Their serotypes, biotypes, antibiotic resistance phenotypes, and outer membrane protein (OMP) electrophoretic patterns were characterized and correlated with the various clinical outcomes. Genital H. influenza and H. parainfluenzae appeared to behave mostly as opportunistic pathogens; for instance, 62% of the cases of endometritis or pelvic inflammatory disease were related to the presence of an intrauterine device. However, as seen clearly in one case, the strains may be sexually transmitted. The analysis of OMP patterns proved to be a very convenient method to seek evidence for the sexual origin of the infection. H. influenzae was more often involved in complicated genital infections than was H. parainfluenzae. Nontypeable and biotype II H. injluenzae strains were the more frequent isolates, except in pelvic inflammatory diseases, in which biotype I prevailed, and in mother-infant infections, in which one-fourth of the cases were due to biotype IV. Characterization of H. influenzae isolates did not support a general concept of specific genital strains. However, strains of biotype IV clearly stood out with two characteristics: (i) a peritrichous fimbriation and (ii) a very peculiar homogeneous OMP pattern comprising an OMP of molecular weight '18,000 unique to this biotype. These characteristics were also found in H. influenza biotype IV strains isolated from genital infections in the United States and used as controls. H. influenza biotype IV strains may thus correspond to a group somewhat adapted to the genital tract. * Corresponding author. mostly from neonatal or mother-infant infections in the United States and France (58, 72). However, clinical outcome has been shown to be more severe in Houston, Tex. (72), than in Tours, France (58). To account for this difference, we have compared our own H. influenza biotype IV isolates to nine strains originating in the United States and kindly provided by R. J. Wallace. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients. Haemophilus spp. were isolated from 1 October 1979 through 31 March 1987 in patients from the Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire Bretonneau in Tours, France. Patients belonged to two groups: women consulting for genital or urinary tract infections and newborn infants suspected to be at risk of infection on the basis of clinical signs in the mother (fever, genital or urinary tract infections, premature rupture of membranes, or premature onset of labor) or overt clinical signs in the child (fever, respiratory distress syndrome, shock, jaundice, or leukopenia). In these cases, bacterial investigations included two placental smears corresponding to both sides of the placenta, an aspiration of the gastric fluid, and swabs of ears, mouth, anus, and nose. In addition, urine analysis, blood cultures, and lumbar punctures were carried out in three circumstances: when the neonate had clinical or biological signs ...

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Failure to Demonstrate Special Virulence of Nontypable Haemophilus influenzae Biotype 4 in Neonatal Sepsis

Cited by 9 publications

References 5 publications

Distribution ofHaemophilus influenzae andHaemophilus parainfluenzae biotypes isolated from the human genitourinary tract

Distribution ofHaemophilus influenzae andHaemophilus parainfluenzae biotypes isolated from the human genitourinary tract

Urogenital, maternal and neonatal isolates of Haemophilus influenzae: identification of unusually virulent serologically non-typable clone families and evidence for a new Haemophilus species

Typing of urogenital, maternal, and neonatal isolates of Haemophilus influenzae and Haemophilus parainfluenzae in correlation with clinical source of isolation and evidence for a genital specificity of H. influenzae biotype IV

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