Failure modes and energy absorption capability of ZnO varistors

Bartkowiak, M.; Comber, M.G.; Mahan, G. D.

doi:10.1109/61.736708

Cited by 91 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The last feature is based, in particular, on the electro-thermal analysis developed in [3] which is in perfect agreement with the experimental data on failures contained in [10].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 48%

“…As shown in [9] and [3], it is not realistic to assume a single value for the maximum energy absorption capability W M of a MOV. It is more suitable, for a given current pulse, to consider W M as a function of the peak current I of the pulse: W M = W M (I).…”

Section: Energy Absorption Capabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequences are [10,3]: thermal runaway (for a feedback effect on energy absorption), cracking of the material (for thermo-mechanical stresses) or puncture of the hot spot (for local melting due to non-uniform current passage). The main variations in the I-V characteristic can be resumed into two categories: • significant reductions in the voltage drop for a reference current, so that there are increased currents, starting from a given voltage, as in fig.…”

Section: Metal Oxide Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reliability evaluation of metal oxide varistors for maintenance scheduling

Amicucci¹,

Gentile²

2006

Risk Analysis V: Simulation and Hazard Mitigation

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Surge overvoltages result in a power system from overcurrents due to atmospheric discharges, induction phenomena, switch operations or faults. In order to reduce the probability of injuries to people and of failure of electrical and electronic systems, power systems within a structure should have adequate equipotential bonding. Surge protective devices (SPDs) are used to achieve such equipotential bonding. Metal Oxide Varistors (MOVs) are a very often used kind of SPDs. Actually, MOVs are affected by ageing, due to the number and amplitude of stresses, but also due to other factors such as overheating, pollution and humidity.The aim of this paper is to present a probabilistic assessment of the ageing process of MOVs when lightning, switching and temporary overvoltages are considered.The expected life thus obtained can be used to decide (logistic/maintenance procedures) when the MOV must be changed before its failure occurs, since the main standards do not give definitive indications about such feature.

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“…The last feature is based, in particular, on the electro-thermal analysis developed in [3] which is in perfect agreement with the experimental data on failures contained in [10].…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 48%

Section: Energy Absorption Capabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Metal Oxide Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reliability evaluation of metal oxide varistors for maintenance scheduling

Amicucci¹,

Gentile²

2006

Risk Analysis V: Simulation and Hazard Mitigation

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“…The rated energy capability is assumed to have zero probability of failure and is located at four standard deviations below the mean value, according to [27]. It should be mentioned here that the behavior of the MO surge arresters, in regards to the lightning-associated energy stresses, is still not well understood, e.g., [15,27,59].…”

Section: Surge Arrester Energy Capabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The analysis of the MO surge arrester energy capability-regarding the direct lightning strikes to WTs-could be seen in the application of the EMTP software package in conjunction with the statistical approach to the MO surge arrester energy absorption capability, e.g., [15,27,[54][55][56][57][58][59][60]. This analysis in-turn stems from the statistical determination of the MO surge arrester risk of failure analysis, due to the excessive lightning energy absorption.…”

Section: Surge Arrester Energy Capabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Current Issues in State-of-Art of Wind Farm Overvoltage Protection

Sarajčev

Goić

2011

Energies

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This paper elaborates on several important outstanding issues in the state-of-art of overvoltage protection selection for modern wind farms. The lack of experience with this still-new technology, together with the inherent complexity of wind farm electrical systems, entails several unresolved issues pertinent to the topic of overvoltage protection, particularly in relation to lightning-initiated surges. Firstly, several aspects of the wind turbine lightning incidence, along with the issues related to the selection of lightning current parameters (pertinent to the wind farm overvoltage protection), are addressed in this paper. Secondly, several issues in the state-of-art models of the wind farm electrical systems-for the lightning surge analysis-are addressed and discussed. Here, a well-known ElectroMagnetic Transients Program (EMTP) software package is often employed, with all of its benefits and some limitations. Thirdly, the metal-oxide surge arrester energy capability and the issues related to the selection of the surge arrester rated energy-in relation to the direct lightning strikes to wind turbines-is addressed. Finally, some general considerations concerning the overvoltage protection selection for wind farm projects, particularly regarding the installation of the metal-oxide surge arresters, are provided as well.

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ZnOVaristors: From Grain Boundaries to Power Applications

Greuter

2021

Oxide Electronics

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Failure modes and energy absorption capability of ZnO varistors

Cited by 91 publications

References 11 publications

Reliability evaluation of metal oxide varistors for maintenance scheduling

Reliability evaluation of metal oxide varistors for maintenance scheduling

A Review of Current Issues in State-of-Art of Wind Farm Overvoltage Protection

ZnOVaristors: From Grain Boundaries to Power Applications

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