Facts speak louder than words: Science versus the pseudoscience of PAS

Clemente, Miguel; Padilla-Racero, Dolores

doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2015.07.005

Cited by 9 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The existing evidence shows that complaints of abuse and, specifically, of sexual abuse are very rarely false [5][6][7][8][9][10] and that parents, specifically the guardian, normally do not invent aggressions that the child has not suffered nor do they instill any belief in the child. Hence, parental complaints are most times the result of actual child abuse and the Justice system runs the risk of failing to provide protection, based on a false argument that the minor is being manipulated by the custodial parent [6,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. However, despite this evidence, some authors still support that accusations of maltreatment or abuse toward minors advocated by Gardner are frequent [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Dark Triad and the Detection of Parental Judicial Manipulators. Development of a Judicial Manipulation Scale

Clemente

Padilla-Racero

Espinosa

2020

IJERPH

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This research examines the relationship between dark triad and the use that some parents make of their children in order to attack the other parent after a couple break-up. We examined whether parents who are willing to lie about issues concerning the other parent and their children during a couple break-up process show higher levels of dark triad traits. Across two different samples of divorced participants (N = 1085 and N = 249), we measured dark triad traits and willingness to engage in judicial manipulation. The objective of this study was to build a judicial manipulation scale to measure willingness to lie and use children to harm the other parent that could be used in professional practice. Results show significant correlations for judicial manipulation and dark triad traits and confirm the psychometric properties of reliability and validity of a proposed scale. We found that dark triad traits are adequate indicators of judicial manipulation. We discuss the importance of the scale to help the judicial system to determine which parent is the most appropriate to be designated as the legal custodial parent.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As stated above, the PAS, which focuses on the effect of manipulative behavior on the parents and the children, provides a popular approach to this issue [18,24,[26][27][28][29]. However, other authors [13,14,33,34] argue that most assumptions derived from the PAS are questionable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dark Triad and the Detection of Parental Judicial Manipulators. Development of a Judicial Manipulation Scale

Clemente

Padilla-Racero

Espinosa

2020

IJERPH

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“…Likewise, neither the term plaintiff should be used as synonymous to victim, nor defendant to aggressor. This ambiguity has spurred studies such as Gardner's [11] Parental Alienation Syndrome (PAS), that asserts the plaintiff is the aggressor, a claim that lacks any scientific empirical support [12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of the Justice System on the Mental Health of Plaintiffs and Defendants

Clemente¹,

Padilla-Racero²

2019

Preprint

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This study aimed to assess the psychological effects of being processed by the justice system, either as a plaintiff or as a defendant. The sample consisted of 360 subjects, 32.8% defendants and 52.2% plaintiffs, residents in the Autonomous Community of Galicia (NW Spain). A lot of psychological test were administered. The results indicated significant differences between plaintiffs and defendants. The former were more pessimistic about the future, used poor strategies for protecting health, and had less empathy. In contrast, defendants had a more negative outlook on life, and in general more psychosomatic symptomology. Thus, both defendants and plaintiffs suffered health problems. Moreover, the group with the longest exposure to litigation had the worst deteriorated health. In conclusion, defendants were more pessimistic about the future, used poor strategies for protecting their own health, and showed less empathy. Likewise, plaintiffs had a more negative outlook on life, and on the whole presented more psychosomatic symptomology. Thus, both defendants and plaintiffs presented health problems. Moreover, the comparison between litigants and non-litigants showed health was more deteriorated in the former, but only in a few specific variables.

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“…Este erróneamente denominado síndrome consiste en un conjunto de ideas que pretenden explicar y solucionar el rechazo de los hijos a comunicarse con uno de sus progenitores tras la ruptura familiar. El SAP explica esta negativa como el resultado de la manipulación que el otro progenitor ejerce sobre el hijo, desechando la idea de que puede haber otras causas legítimas que justifiquen el rechazo (Clemente, 2013;Clemente y Padilla, 2015a, 2015bPadilla y Clemente, 2018a, 2018bClemente, Padilla, Gandoy, Reig-Botella y Gonzalez-Rodriguez, 2015;Padilla, 2013Padilla, , 2016. El diagnóstico SAP conlleva la automática puesta en marcha del tratamiento aparejado al mimo, la coercitiva Terapia de la Amenaza, tratamiento que va a ser ordenado, y vigilado su cumplimiento, por la Administración de Justicia.…”

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“…De no cumplirse el régimen de visitas, el juzgado ordenará el cambio de guarda y custodia a favor del padre rechazado, a veces incluso con el internamiento previo de los hijos en un centro de menores. Mientras que la validez del diagnóstico SAP no ha sido probada científicamente (véase, por ejemplo, Blanco-Barea, 2005;Clemente, 2013;Clemente y Padilla-Racero, 2015a, 2015bClemente, Padilla-Racero, Gandoy, Reig-Botella, y Gonzalez-Rodriguez, 2015;Kleinman y Kaplan, 2016;Meier, 2009;Nichols, 2014;Padilla, 2013Padilla, , 2016Padilla y Clemente, 2018a, 2018bPepiton, Alvis, Allen y Logid, 2012;Pignotti, 2013y Rozanski, 2013, el tratamiento propuesto por el mismo provoca graves secuelas en los menores (Clemente, 2013).…”

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Un acercamiento al acientífico Síndrome de Alienación Parental: repercusiones psicojurídicas y sociales || An approach to the unscientific Parental Alienation Syndrome: Psycho-legal and social repercussions

Padilla-Racero¹

2018

R Est Inv Psico y Educ

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Este trabajo pretende ofrecer al lector una crítica al denominado Síndrome de Alienación Parental (SAP). Se analiza en primer lugar el concepto, tal y como fue definido por su creador, Gardner, y se explica dicho significado dentro del contexto en que se desarrolló. Se señala cómo nunca se ha probado científicamente, y cómo ha sido rechazado por todas las organizaciones científicas (siendo una de ellas la American Psychological Association). Se expone cómo a pesar de ello, en muchos juzgados españoles su uso es habitual, lo que supone actuar fuera de un planteamiento científico, lo que a su vez implica también una desprotección de los menores, con graves consecuencias que también se ejemplifican. Por último, se efectúan recomendaciones para evitar esta situación, y especialmente se destaca la necesidad de que el sistema de Justicia conozca que las técnicas relacionadas con el SAP carecen de validez científica, y que la aplicación de teorías no científicas sobre las personas atenta contra el sentido del propio sistema de justicia.

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Facts speak louder than words: Science versus the pseudoscience of PAS

Cited by 9 publications

References 14 publications

The Dark Triad and the Detection of Parental Judicial Manipulators. Development of a Judicial Manipulation Scale

The Dark Triad and the Detection of Parental Judicial Manipulators. Development of a Judicial Manipulation Scale

The Effects of the Justice System on the Mental Health of Plaintiffs and Defendants

Un acercamiento al acientífico Síndrome de Alienación Parental: repercusiones psicojurídicas y sociales || An approach to the unscientific Parental Alienation Syndrome: Psycho-legal and social repercussions

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