Factors related to depression and anxiety in adults with bronchiectasis

Abstract

Introduction and backgroundPatients with chronic lung diseases frequently have depressive and anxiety symptoms, but there are very few studies looking at this in patients with bronchiectasis.AimThis study aimed to investigate depression and anxiety and related factors among patients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis.Patients and methodsThis was a prospective study of 133 patients with bronchiectasis. Patients with confirmed diagnosis of bronchiectasis with high-resolution computed tomography were enrolled in the study. Patients that were clinically stable in the previous 4 weeks were evaluated with the Hospital Depression and Anxiety scale. Symptoms, pulmonary function tests, and medical treatments were recorded.ResultsThe mean age of patients was 49.5±14.5 years (range, 18–77 years), and 81 (60.9%) patients were females. Twenty-eight (21.1%) patients had depression, and 53 (39.8%) had anxiety. Depression score was related to family situation (living with a partner), previous depression history and admission to an emergency department within the last year. Anxiety score was related to female gender, the family situation (living with a partner), previous depression history, and admission to an emergency department within the last year (P<0.05). Depression was positively correlated with hemoptysis, admission to an emergency department within the last year and living with a partner. Anxiety was positively correlated with education level, previous depression history, admission to an emergency department within the last year, and living with a partner.ConclusionPatients with non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis are at increased risk for depression and anxiety. Untreated and undetected depressive/anxiety symptoms may increase physical disability, morbidity, and health care utilization. It is important for clinicians to be aware of the presence of depression and anxiety in bronchiectasis.

Patient information, education and self-management in bronchiectasis: facilitating improvements to optimise health outcomes

“…Patients often have recurrent infective exacerbations, some of which result in costly hospital admissions. Patients with bronchiectasis are at an increased risk of anxiety and depression [ 17 – 19 ]. In cystic fibrosis, depression and anxiety rates are higher than in the general population, and therefore annual screening is recommended [ 20 , 21 ].…”

Paediatric and adult bronchiectasis: Diagnosis, disease burden and prognosis

“…Finally, the impact of bronchiectasis on health‐related quality of life (HRQL) is well recognized . Anxiety and depression are common, with depression in 21.1–34% and anxiety present in 39.8–55% and should be screened for at presentation …”

Diagnosis and management of bronchiectasis

“…Anxiety and depression are frequent among patients with bronchiectasis, with studies finding evidence of depression in 21.1% to 34% and anxiety in 39.8% to 55% of patients. 73,74 Frequent review of patients' mental state is warranted, along with appropriate referral for management of clinically distressing mental illness. Recent evidence has suggested an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in patients with bronchiectasis; review of other modifiable cardiovascular disease risk factors and their appropriate management is important.…”