Factors Leading Towards Dalbergia Sissoo Decline (Syndrome) in Indian Sub-Continent: A Critical Review and Future Research Agenda

Naqvi, Syed Atif Hasan; Mushtaq, Sidra; Malik, Maria; Umar, Ummad-ud-Din; Rehman, Ateeq Ur; Fareed, Shoaib; Zulfiqar, Muhammad

doi:10.17582/journal.pjar/2019/32.2.302.316

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…A decline in sissoo is usually responsible for the decrease in growth, maturation, strength, and power. The plant's vigor, although the absolute loss of the tree crown is known as a dieback (Naqvi et al, 2019) Journal of Agriculture and Natural Resources (2021) 4(2): 255-272 ISSN: 2661-6270 (Print), ISSN: 2661-6289 (Online) DOI: https://doi.org/10.3126/janr.v4i2.33915…”

Section: Diebackmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shisham (Dalbergia sissoo) decline by dieback disease, root pathogens and their management: a review

Shah

Tiwari

Modi

et al. 2021

J. Agric. Nat. Res.

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Shisham or sissoo (Dalbergia sissoo) is an important multipurpose tree with great economic importance, but this tree has been infected by various root pathogens. This review article shows the works conducted on root pathogens and die back disease of Shisham and their management. Around seventy-one endophytic fungus has been found in sissoo trees in Nepal. Several fungi, including, Fusarium solani, F. oxysporum, Ganoderma lucidum, Phellinus gilvus, Polypours gilvus, Rhizoctonia solani, Polyporus spongiosum, etc. cause sissoo diseases. Ganoderma Lucidum and F. Solani are two main pathogenic agents in Shisham, all of which causes root rot and vascular wilt diseases, and are the causes for the large-scale death of this tree species. Root rot ganoderma is wide spread in both natural and plant-based forests. Older trees in Shisham are usually attacked by these pathogens and cause large-scale death. However, when sissoo is grown as a re-forested pure plant without the removal of the stumps or root of the initial plant, a serious problem of root rot can develop. Field sanitation and proper management of field are necessary to control the fungal diseases of Shisham. Another deleterious disease of Shisham is dieback disease, where sissoo plantations have been confirmed to this disease when the infected trees begin to get dry from the top. There is no suitable solution for control of dieback of Shisham. There is a need of developing resistant varieties and to improve the quality of seed. This review may be useful tool for Forest Pathologists and other persons who are working in forestry and natural conservation sectors.

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Section: Diebackmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shisham (Dalbergia sissoo) decline by dieback disease, root pathogens and their management: a review

Shah

Tiwari

Modi

et al. 2021

J. Agric. Nat. Res.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dieback is a commonly found disease in D. sissoo in Bangladesh, India, Nepal, and Pakistan Naqvi et al, 2019;Ul Haq et al, 2021). In the past 100 years, widespread dieback outbreaks and infestations have drastically reduced D. sissoo densities and killed billions of D. sissoo trees (Webb and Hossain, 2005;Rehman et al, 2012;Naqvi et al, 2019;Ul Haq et al, 2021). Symptoms of D. sissoo dieback disease include yellowing, drying, and defoliation of leaves and branches; partial or complete wilting of the crown leading to yellowing of the whole plant; thinning of leaves and crown; internal stem and root browning; chlorosis; necrosis; top dieback; dieback of branches at initial and lateral stages; gummosis; vascular discoloration; and bark splitting (Poussio et al, 2010;Mukhtar et al, 2014b;Latif et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenomics resolves the etiology of dieback disease and deciphers Ceratocystis dalbergicans sp.nov., causal agent of Dalbergia sissoo decline

Haq

Ijaz²,

Latif³

et al. 2023

Front. Genet.

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Dalbergia sissoo is one of the most economically important trees in forestry, agroforestry, and horticulture. This tree species is severely threatened by dieback. Widespread dieback outbreaks and infestations have drastically destroyed billions of D. sissoo trees. Hence, we attempted to resolve the dieback etiology through phylogenomics associated with D. sissoo mortality. The Ceratocystis species was evaluated using morphologically investigated fungal isolates collected from dieback-affected tissue plants. Based on the symptomatology, we have differentiated dieback from Fusarium wilt and concluded that the Ceratocystis fimbriata sensu lato complex is causing shisham dieback in Pakistan. As the Ceratocystis species complex is a cryptic species complex, we used genomics and phylogenetic analysis for deciphering its evolutionary hierarchical order. The pathogen’s operational taxonomy was unlocked with the help of phylogenomics, and it was discovered that isolates from D. sissoo represent a species distinct from the other species in the C. fimbriata sensu lato species complex. The name Ceratocystis dalbergicans sp. nov. has been given to the fungus causing dieback disease in D. sissoo.

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“…Premium-quality timber trees are becoming extinct because of a high mortality rate due to infection caused by fungal species that induce symptoms of dieback and wilt in the tree ecosystem. Cercospora sissoo, Fusarium solani, Ganoderma lucidum, Phyllactinia dalbergiae, Phellinus dalbergiae, and Phytophthora cinnamomi are a few fungal species that have been reported to reduce the yield and production of D. sissoo timber trees (Naqvi et al, 2019;Ghazali et al, 2022). The pathogenic fungi manifest as the dieback of branches, bark splitting, and main stem gummosis, leading to the death of a tree.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization and identification of siderophores produced by Pseudomonas monteilii strain MN759447 and its antagonism toward fungi associated with mortality in Dalbergia sissoo plantation forests

et al. 2022

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Siderophore-positive bacteria present in the rhizosphere and in bulk soil assist plants by either inhibiting phytopathogen proliferation or increasing plant growth. The bacterial diversity of the Shisham forest ecosystem in the Tarai region of the Western Himalayas was studied and used for siderophore production, taking into account the large-scale dieback and wilt-induced mortality in Dalbergia sissoo (common name: shisham) plantation forests and the importance of soil microbes in tree health. In addition, Pseudomonas, Burkholderia, and Streptomyces were prominent siderophore-positive bacteria in Shisham forests. Pseudomonas species are known for their remarkable siderophore-producing ability. Bacterial siderophores inhibit pathogen growth by rapidly lowering the number of ferric ions in the rhizosphere. The Pseudomonas monteilii strain MN759447 was isolated from a D. sissoo plantation forest at the Agroforestry Research Centre, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand (28°58′N 79°25′E/28.97°N 79.41°E). It produces a significant number of siderophore units (80.36% in total). A two-stage optimization of growth factors was attempted in the strain MN759447 for better siderophore recovery. In the first-stage single-factor experiment, among the five variables studied, only pH, NH4NO3 concentration, and Fe concentration affected siderophore synthesis. In the second stage, an optimization of pH, NH4NO3 concentration, and Fe concentration for improved growth and enhanced siderophore production was carried out using a Box–Behnken design with response surface methodology. By using LC-MS, two derivatives of pseudomonine, salicylic acid, and kynurenic acid were detected as siderophores in the purified XAD-2 methanol extract of the P. monteilii strain MN759447. In addition to siderophore production, the P. monteilii strain MN759447 also exhibited a broad range of antagonistic activity against Aspergillus calidoustus (65%), Fusarium oxysporum (41.66%), Talaromyces pinophilus (65%), and Talaromyces verruculosus (65.1%) that are linked to sissoo mortality. To our knowledge, this is the first report on siderophore-producing bacteria isolated, identified, and characterized from the D. sissoo Roxb. forest habitat. This strain can also be developed as a commercial product.

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Factors Leading Towards Dalbergia Sissoo Decline (Syndrome) in Indian Sub-Continent: A Critical Review and Future Research Agenda

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Shisham (Dalbergia sissoo) decline by dieback disease, root pathogens and their management: a review

Shisham (Dalbergia sissoo) decline by dieback disease, root pathogens and their management: a review

Phylogenomics resolves the etiology of dieback disease and deciphers Ceratocystis dalbergicans sp.nov., causal agent of Dalbergia sissoo decline

Optimization and identification of siderophores produced by Pseudomonas monteilii strain MN759447 and its antagonism toward fungi associated with mortality in Dalbergia sissoo plantation forests

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