Factors influencing the induction of embryogenic and caulogenic callus from embryos of Piceaglauca and P. engelmanii

Webb, David T.; Webster, Fiona B.; Flinn, Barry S.; Roberts, Dane R.; Ellis, David

doi:10.1139/x89-200

Cited by 47 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Ellis, unpublished). Embryogenic cultures were induced and maintained as previously described [36]. Targets for particle acceleration consisted of fifteen seedlings, twenty embryos or 200 mg fresh weight of embryogenic callus placed on 10 ml of the appropriate medium supplemented with 250 #g/ml carbenicillin in 15 mm × 60 mm disposable Petri plates.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of inducible angiosperm promoters in a gymnosperm,Picea glauca (white spruce)

et al. 1991

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Electrical discharge particle acceleration was used to test the transient expression of numerous inducible angiosperm promoters in a gymnosperm Picea glauca (white spruce). Promoter expression was assayed in three different tissues capable of in vitro regeneration, zygotic embryos, seedlings and embryogenic callus. The promoters tested include the light-inducible Arabidopsis and soybean ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate small subunit promoters and a maize phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase promoter; a soybean heat-shock-inducible promoter, a soybean auxin inducible promoter and a maize alcohol dehydrogenase promoter. Promoters were cloned into a promoter-less expression vector to form a promoter-beta-glucuronidase-nopaline synthase 3' fusion. A similar construct was made using the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S (CaMV 35S) promoter as a control. All promoters were expressed in white spruce embryos, yet at levels lower than CaMV 35S. In addition, in the embryos the heat-shock and the alcohol dehydrogenase promoters showed inducible expression when given the proper induction stimulus. In seedlings, expression of all promoters was lower than in the embryos and expression was only inducible with the heat-shock promoter in the cotyledons. Of the tissues tested, the expression level of all promoters was lowest in embryogenic callus. Interestingly, the expression of the beta-glucuronidase gene in embryogenic callus was restricted to the proembryonal head cells regardless of the promoter used. These results clearly demonstrate the use of particle bombardment to test the transient expression of heterologous promoters in organized tissue and the expression of angiosperm promoters in a gymnosperm.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of inducible angiosperm promoters in a gymnosperm,Picea glauca (white spruce)

et al. 1991

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“…There is currently much interest in creating quiescent synthetic seeds possessing outer protective coatings, thereby bestowing the somatic embryos with the storage and handling qualities of natural seeds. Reviews on conifer somatic embryogenesis have been provided elsewhere (Dunstan 1988;Attree et al 1991a, Attree & Fowke 1991Tautorus et al 1991;Gupta et al 1993); in vitro culture of cycads was reviewed by Webb & Osborne (1989). This review focuses on recent advances in conifer somatic embryogenesis, particularly in areas of embryo development, maturation drying, germination and encapsulation, but includes literature concerning somatic embryogenesis of cycads.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Embryogeny of gymnosperms: advances in synthetic seed technology of conifers

Attree

Fowke

1993

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

295

130

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Synthetic seed technology requires the inexpensive production of large numbers of high-quality somatic embryos. Proliferating embryogenic cultures from conifers consist of immature embryos, which undergo synchronous maturation in the presence of abscisic acid and elevated osmoticum. Improvements in conifer somatic embryo quality have been achieved by identifying the conditions in vitro that resemble the conditions during in ovulo development of zygotic embryos. One normal aspect of zygotic embryo development for conifers is maturation drying, which allows seeds to be stored and promotes normal germination. Conditions of culture are described that yield mature conifer somatic embryos that possess normal storage proteins and fatty acids and which survive either partial drying, or full drying to moisture contents similar to those achieved by mature dehydrated zygotic embryos. Large numbers of quiescent somatic embryos can be produced throughout the year and stored for germination in the spring, which simplifies production and provides plants of uniform size. This review focuses on recent advances in conifer somatic embryogenesis and synthetic seed technology, particularly in areas of embryo development, maturation drying, encapsulation and germination. Comparisons of conifer embryogeny are made with other gymnosperms and angiosperms.Abbreviations: ABA-abscisic acid, LEA-late embryogenesis abundant, PEG-polyethylene glycol, PGR-plant growth regulator, RH-relative humidity, TAG-triacylglycerol

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“…Following the removal from the megagametophyte after initiation, a portion of cell lines may not continue their proliferation, which is quite common in both Pinus and Picea species (Finer et al 1989;Webb et al 1989). In this study, overall 3.4% of the initial explants or 29.3% of ET initiations were converted into established cell lines (ECLs) of which values ranged from 0.6% to 9.1% for the 15 trees.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

Induction of embryogenic tissue and maturation of somatic embryos in Pinus brutia TEN

Yıldırım

Kaya

Işık

2006

Plant Cell Tiss Organ Cult

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Embryogenic tissues (ET) of Turkish red pine (Pinus brutia TEN) were initiated from immature precotyledonary zygotic embryos sampled from 15 different plus trees. Seven collections were made weekly from June 10 to July 22, 2003. DCR basal medium supplemented with 13.6 lM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 2.2 lM benzylaminopurine (BAP) was used for initiation and maintenance of ET. Overall initiation frequency of ET in the study was 11.6%, initiation rates ranging between 4.7% and 24.1% per tree. Out of 12,940 explants tested, 3.4% were converted into established cell lines (ECL) following five subcultures. Of the maturation treatments tested, 80 lM ABA, sucrose (3%) and maltose (3% and 6%), and 3.75% PEG combined with 1% gellan gum were the most suitable combination for somatic embryo maturation.

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Factors influencing the induction of embryogenic and caulogenic callus from embryos of Piceaglauca and P. engelmanii

Cited by 47 publications

References 11 publications

Expression of inducible angiosperm promoters in a gymnosperm,Picea glauca (white spruce)

Expression of inducible angiosperm promoters in a gymnosperm,Picea glauca (white spruce)

Embryogeny of gymnosperms: advances in synthetic seed technology of conifers

Induction of embryogenic tissue and maturation of somatic embryos in Pinus brutia TEN

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