Factors influencing social distance from people with schizophrenia

Bag, Beyhan; Yılmaz, Sinan; Kırpınar, İsmet

doi:10.1111/j.1368-5031.2006.00743.x

Cited by 40 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In a trend analysis in eastern Germany, Angermeyer and Matschinger (30) documented an identical pattern of increases over time in public mental health literacy and the endorsement of neurobiological causation coupled with either no change or an increase in public stigma of mental illness. In Turkey (33), Germany, Russia, and Mongolia (34), the endorsement of neurobiological attributions was also associated with a desire for social distance, although it had no effect on social distance in Australia (35) and in Austria (36). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“A Disease Like Any Other”? A Decade of Change in Public Reactions to Schizophrenia, Depression, and Alcohol Dependence

Pescosolido¹,

Martin²,

Long³

et al. 2010

AJP

1,019

785

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Objective Clinicians, advocates, and policy makers have presented mental illnesses as medical diseases in efforts to overcome low service use, poor adherence rates, and stigma. The authors examined the impact of this approach with a 10-year comparison of public endorsement of treatment and prejudice. Method The authors analyzed responses to vignettes in the mental health modules of the 1996 and 2006 General Social Survey describing individuals meeting DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia, major depression, and alcohol dependence to explore whether more of the public 1) embraces neurobiological understandings of mental illness; 2) endorses treatment from providers, including psychiatrists; and 3) reports community acceptance or rejection of people with these disorders. Multivariate analyses examined whether acceptance of neurobiological causes increased treatment support and lessened stigma. Results In 2006, 67% of the public attributed major depression to neurobiological causes, compared with 54% in 1996. High proportions of respondents endorsed treatment, with general increases in the proportion endorsing treatment from doctors and specific increases in the proportions endorsing psychiatrists for treatment of alcohol dependence (from 61% in 1996 to 79% in 2006) and major depression (from 75% in 1996 to 85% in 2006). Social distance and perceived danger associated with people with these disorders did not decrease significantly. Holding a neurobiological conception of these disorders increased the likelihood of support for treatment but was generally unrelated to stigma. Where associated, the effect was to increase, not decrease, community rejection. Conclusions More of the public embraces a neurobiological understanding of mental illness. This view translates into support for services but not into a decrease in stigma. Reconfiguring stigma reduction strategies may require providers and advocates to shift to an emphasis on competence and inclusion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“A Disease Like Any Other”? A Decade of Change in Public Reactions to Schizophrenia, Depression, and Alcohol Dependence

Pescosolido¹,

Martin²,

Long³

et al. 2010

AJP

1,019

785

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As with mental health literacy, most research studies of stigma has been conducted in western countries but there are a small number in low and middle income countries [20-26]. Culture is likely to influence the experience, expression, and determinants of stigma and effectiveness of approaches to stigma reduction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public perception of mental health in Iraq

Sadik

Bradley²,

Al-Hasoon

et al. 2010

Int J Ment Health Syst

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BackgroundPeople who suffer from mental illness, the professionals who treat them, and indeed the actual concept of mental illness are all stigmatised in public perception and often receive very negative publicity. This paper looks at Iraq, which has a population of 30 million who are mainly Moslem. Mental health services and professionals have historically been sparse in Iraq with 1 psychiatrist per 300,000 before 2003 falling to 1 per million until recently and 1 primary care centre (40 Healthcare Workers including 4 General Practitioners) to 35,000 population, compared with 1 GP per 1700 population in the UK.MethodsWe aimed to assess public attitudes and perceptions to mental illness. Participants were asked to complete a questionnaire (additional file 1), which was designed specifically for Iraqi contexts and was made available in 2 languages. The survey was carried out in 500 participants' homes across 2 districts of Baghdad.ResultsThe response rate of the survey was 86.4%. The paper shows respondents views on the aetiology of mental illness, perceptions of people with mental illness and attitudes towards care and treatment of people with mental illness.ConclusionsThis survey of public attitudes towards mental illness in Iraq has shown that community opinion about the aetiology of mental illness is broadly compatible with scientific evidence, but understanding of the nature of mental illness, its implications for social participation and management remains negative in general.

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“…Studies have also investigated the general population's views regarding perceived danger or violence posed by individuals with schizophrenia. Compared to the finding for autism, the belief about the dangerousness of individuals with schizophrenia was more frequent and studies have reported that 18.2%-73.1% believe that individuals with schizophrenia are dangerous or violent (Bag et al, 2006;Crisp et al, 2000;Durand-Zaleski et al, 2012;Gaebel et al, 2002;Grausgruber et al, 2007;Griffiths et al, 2006). These surveys were conducted in France, Turkey, United Kingdom, Germany, Austria, Australia and Japan during the years 1998-2009.…”

Section: Symptomsmentioning

confidence: 91%

What do the general population know, believe and feel about individuals with autism and schizophrenia: Results from a comparative survey in Denmark

Jensen

Martens

Nikolajsen

et al. 2015

Autism

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Few studies investigate what members of the general population know about individuals with autism. Only one study has previously investigated how beliefs about autism differ from those about other psychiatric disorders. This study surveyed a convenience sample of the general adult population, within the Northern Region of Denmark, about their knowledge, attitudes and beliefs about individuals with autism and schizophrenia. The respondents (N = 440) possessed basic knowledge and were able to differentiate between the two disorders. Schizophrenia was associated with perceived danger (32.8%), while autism was associated with high intelligence (40.1%) and creativity (27.3%). Respondents were more positive towards interacting with individuals with autism (p < 0.001), but desire for social distancing was pronounced for both disorders in more intimate relationships. Significantly, more respondents reported that they would find it difficult and feel ashamed with regard to being diagnosed with schizophrenia (p < 0.001). Conversely, respondents significantly reported being more likely to elaborate on their diagnosis of autism to their colleagues (p < 0.001). Perceived dangerousness decreased the willingness for social interactions, while knowing someone with autism or schizophrenia increased the willingness to socially interact. Misconceptions and stigma must be addressed in order to minimize the social stigma and rejection associated with these disorders and ultimately improve the quality of life and psychological well-being of affected individuals and their families.

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Factors influencing social distance from people with schizophrenia

Cited by 40 publications

References 29 publications

“A Disease Like Any Other”? A Decade of Change in Public Reactions to Schizophrenia, Depression, and Alcohol Dependence

“A Disease Like Any Other”? A Decade of Change in Public Reactions to Schizophrenia, Depression, and Alcohol Dependence

Public perception of mental health in Iraq

What do the general population know, believe and feel about individuals with autism and schizophrenia: Results from a comparative survey in Denmark

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