Factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Indonesia: an adoption of Technology Acceptance Model

Abstract

Background: It is critical to understand the factors that could affect the acceptance of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine in the community. The aim of this study was to determine factors that could possibly affect the acceptance of Indonesian citizens of COVID-19 vaccination using a Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), a model how users come to accept and use a technology. Methods: An online survey was conducted between the first and fifth of November, 2020. Participants were asked to respond to questions on acceptance, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived religiosity towards, and amount of information about COVID-19. This study used the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as the framework to decide factors that affect vaccine acceptance. Structural Equation Model was employed to assess the correlation between all explanatory variables and vaccine acceptance. Mann-Whitney test and Kruskal-Wallis rank were employed to assess demographic factors associated with acceptance. Results: In total, 311 responses were included for analysis. Our TAM model suggested that high perceived usefulness significantly increased COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and high perceived ease of use significantly increased the perceived usefulness. Perceived religiosity did not substantially affect vaccine acceptance. The amount of information on COVID-19 also did not significantly affect vaccine acceptance. Our data suggested that vaccine acceptance was associated with age, type of occupation, marital status and monthly income to some degree. Conclusion: Since perceived usefulness affects vaccine acceptance, the government should focus on the usefulness of the vaccine when promoting the COVID-19 vaccine to Indonesian citizens. In addition, since perceived ease of use significantly affects users’ acceptance to COVID-19 vaccine, the easier to acquire the vaccine in the community, the higher chance that the citizens are willing to be vaccinated.

COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy among ethnic minorities in Hong Kong

“… 24 Studies from the Philippines and Indonesia revealed that perceptions of being susceptible and having more severe disease after being infected and perceived efficacy and benefits of the COVID-19 vaccines were predictors for vaccine acceptance. 21 , 25 Studies in Bangladesh, Pakistan and the United Arab Emirates also showed similar patterns. Among university students in Bangladesh, those without a previous COVID-19 infection, poorer knowledge related to COVID-19, and negative perceptions and attitudes toward the vaccine were significantly associated with vaccine hesitancy.…”

“…A study in Indonesia also revealed that the perceived effectiveness and ease of to access the vaccine, rather than their religious belief, influenced their vaccine acceptance. 21 Domestic helpers in Hong Kong were concerned about the local transmission risks, their family members’ health conditions and financial demands in their home country, changes to how their employers treated them, their employment status, and a lack of support from the Hong Kong Government. This “dual-country experience” encountered by domestic helpers in Hong Kong during the COVID-19 pandemic could have influenced their willingness to be vaccinated.…”

COVID-19 Vaccines in Indonesia: Knowledge, Attitudes, and Acceptance Among Dental Professionals

“…The negative attitudes may have been related to the report on Sinovac's clinical trial, which provided conflicting results in some countries (18), which potentially causing confusion and public distrust. In addition, it may also be possible that this vaccine remain offensive to the interplay between religion beliefs, politics, and personal beliefs that influence individual and community decision around vaccination (19).…”

“…However, due to cultural diversity, each country might have a different level of acceptance and associated determinants. A previous study revealed that religiosity was an essential determinant influencing parents' approaches to health management issues (19,21). Thus, the Indonesian government or other related organizations should focus on providing information regarding the benefits of vaccination to the community and ensure that the vaccines are easily accessible (19).…”

“…Background: At the time of writing, the number of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID- 19) cases in Indonesia has exceeded 2 million. The COVID-19 pandemic has caused severe disruptions in and unprecedented challenges to healthcare systems, including the one in Indonesia.…”