Factors controlling large-wood transport in a mountain river

Ruíz-Villanueva, Virginia; Wyżga‬‬, Bartłomiej; Zawiejska, Joanna; Hajdukiewicz, Hanna; Stoffel, Markus

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2015.04.004

Cited by 76 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…This agrees with the existence of a clockwise hysteresis loop, as observed in the Zulg River (Switzerland), the Ain River (France; MacVicar and Piégay, 2012) and modelled in the Czarny Dunajec River (Poland; Ruiz- Villanueva et al, 2016bVillanueva et al, , 2016c, similar to the hysteresis loop class II defined for sediment and water flows (Williams, 1989). This agrees with the existence of a clockwise hysteresis loop, as observed in the Zulg River (Switzerland), the Ain River (France; MacVicar and Piégay, 2012) and modelled in the Czarny Dunajec River (Poland; Ruiz- Villanueva et al, 2016bVillanueva et al, , 2016c, similar to the hysteresis loop class II defined for sediment and water flows (Williams, 1989).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Characterization of wood‐laden flows in rivers

Ruíz-Villanueva

Mazzorana

Castellet

et al. 2019

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Inorganic sediment is not the only solid‐fraction component of river flows; flows may also carry significant amounts of large organic material (i.e. large wood), but the characteristics of these wood‐laden flows (WLFs) are not well understood yet. With the aim to shed light on these relatively unexamined phenomena, we collected home videos showing natural flows with wood as the main solid component. Analyses of these videos as well as the watersheds and streams where the videos were recorded allowed us to define for the first time WLFs, describe the main characteristics of these flows and broaden the definition of wood transport regimes (adding a new regime called here hypercongested wood transport). According to our results, WLFs may occur repeatedly, in a large range of catchment sizes, generally in steep, highly confined single thread channels in mountain areas. WLFs are typically highly unsteady and the log motion is non‐uniform, as described for other inorganic sediment‐laden flows (e.g. debris flows). The conceptual integration of wood into our understanding of flow phenomena is illustrated by a novel classification defining the transition from clear water to hypercongested, wood and sediment‐laden flows, according to the composition of the mixture (sediment, wood, and water). We define the relevant metrics for the quantification and modelling of WLFs, including an exhaustive discussion of different modelling approaches (i.e. Voellmy, Bingham and Manning) and provide a first attempt to simulate WLFs. We draw attention to WLF phenomena to encourage further field, theoretical, and experimental investigations that may contribute to a better understanding of flows in river basins, leading to more accurate predictions, and better hazard mitigation and management strategies. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Characterization of wood‐laden flows in rivers

Ruíz-Villanueva

Mazzorana

Castellet

et al. 2019

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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“…In fact, contrary to what was reported by Welber et al (2013) and Ruiz-Villanueva et al (2015), in this case there are no significant correlations between LW displacement and its diameter. Instead, the lack of statistical significance in the relationship between traveled distance and LW length agrees with Ruiz-Villanueva et al (2015). In this case, the authors found that in wide multi-thread reaches the importance of LW length is not so evident as in the singlethread channel cases.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…In this case, the authors found that in wide multi-thread reaches the importance of LW length is not so evident as in the singlethread channel cases. Contrary to what was expected and reported by Ruiz-Villanueva et al (2015), the relationship between traveled distance and wood density was also not statistically significant and the traveled distance does not seem to be influenced by wood density, demonstrating once again the complexity of the analyzed process. The recruitment of standing trees from the banks and their subsequent transport downstream is a highly complex process because it is not possible to consider independent factors and characteristics, but there is a need to analyze their combination.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Bank erosion and large wood recruitment along a gravel bed river

Picco

Tonon

Rainato

et al. 2016

J Agricult Engineer

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Riverine environments can be very dynamic and complex systems, particularly because of the interaction between active channel and riparian land during flood events of different magnitude. In recent years increasing attention has been paid to large wood (LW), focusing on its role and impact along riverine systems and fluvial landscapes. This research aims to analyze the characteristics of LW recruitment as a consequence of a flood event along a reach of a gravel-bed river. The study was conducted on a 3 km-long reach located in the middle course of the Piave River (north-eastern Italian Alps). A 20 m-wide buffer zone was considered along the floodplains and islands. Every standing tree in this buffer with diameter ≥0.10 m was measured manually (diameter breast height; height), whereas shrubs were not considered. The most common species in the study area are: Populus sp., Salix sp., Alnus sp., Carpinus sp., Fraxinus sp., Pinus sylvestris and Robinia pseudoacacia. An over bankfull flood (Q=1329 m 3 s -1 ; recurrence interval=6 years) in November 2014 caused erosions along the floodplain (15,565.5 m 2 ), pioneer islands (25.2 m 2 ) and building islands (2085.6 m 2 ), recruiting 690 trees. Four of these trees were recruited from the pioneer islands (0.16 tree m -2 ), 79 from building islands (0.04 tree m -2 ) and 607 from floodplains (0.04 tree m -2 ). Accurate dendrometric measurements were used to define the input volume of LW from the floodplains (86.25 m 3 ), pioneer islands (0.14 m 3 ) and building islands (6.62 m 3 ). The maximum distance traveled by LW recruited from the floodplain, pioneer and building islands was 8927, 1021 and 3727 m, respectively. Statistical analysis showed no significant relationship between the displacement and LW characteristics considered (diameter, length, volume, density). These results demonstrate that the recruitment and subsequent transport of LW is a complex mechanism that requires further study. To better characterize these mechanisms, it appears clear that it is important to consider not only the LW characteristics but also the connection between LW, morphological settings, and flood event characteristics.

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“…The Iber‐Wood model was also applied to explore the factors (such as wood piece size, flow conditions, and river morphology) controlling LW transport and retention in different reaches of the Czarny Dunajec River in Poland (Ruiz‐Villanueva et al ., , , , ). Modelling results showed that the transport capacity in single thread reaches is higher than in multi‐thread reaches (Figure (a)).…”

Section: Numerical Modelling Of Lw Dynamics and Related Hazardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing and mitigating large wood‐related hazards in mountain streams: recent approaches

Mazzorana

Ruíz-Villanueva

Marchi

et al. 2017

J Flood Risk Management

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The assessment and mitigation of floods in mountain streams, when large wood (LW) is transported, pose several challenges. The process chain consisting of flood propagation, LW recruitment, entrainment, transport, and entrapment triggers, at critical sections such as bridges, unexpected and exacerbated impacts to the exposed built environment. We provide a review on the recent advances in modelling LW dynamics during extreme river floods through computational approaches. Moreover, we describe how scaled flume experiments can enhance process understanding at critical flow sections such as bridges to address risk mitigation problems. Additionally, we present a framework based on Formative Scenario Analysis (FSA) to allow for expert knowledge integration and to subsequently derive consistent hazard process scenarios in steep mountain streams where the application of computational approaches is less reliable. Finally, we discuss how the application of the presented set of assessment methods can support integral flood risk management by explicitly considering LW dynamics since the effectiveness of mitigation critically depends on the acquired process understanding.

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Factors controlling large-wood transport in a mountain river

Cited by 76 publications

References 35 publications

Characterization of wood‐laden flows in rivers

Characterization of wood‐laden flows in rivers

Bank erosion and large wood recruitment along a gravel bed river

Assessing and mitigating large wood‐related hazards in mountain streams: recent approaches

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