Factors causing brown-colored gonads of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus nudus in northern Honshu, Japan

Agatsuma, Yukio; Sato, Minoru; Taniguchi, Koki

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2005.04.054

Cited by 54 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In smaller size classes, GI was always near 0%. In the three largest classes some individuals had darker gonads, which indicates aging, as in other echinoderms (AGATSUMA et al 2005). The 36.2-40.0 mm size class was the smallest class with all individuals having gonads, and therefore the smaller size classes tended to be juveniles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Reproductive biology in the starfish Echinaster (Othilia) guyanensis (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) in southeastern Brazil

Mariante¹,

Lemos²,

Eutrópio³

et al. 2010

Zoologia (Curitiba, Impr.)

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Echinaster (Othilia) guyanensis Clark, 1987 is an endangered starfish distributed throughout the Caribbean and Atlantic Ocean. Even though it has been extensively harvested, little is known about the biology and ecology of this starfish. Here, we examine reproduction seasonality in E. (O.) guyanensis. Individuals were collected monthly for one year, including four complete lunar phases. The gonad index (GI) was calculated to determine annual and monthly reproductive peaks. Gametogenesis stages were also determined. Sex ratio was 1:1.33 (M:F). Gonadosomatic index, body weight, central disc width and arm length were similar for both sexes. Gonads were present in all animals with arm length greater than 36.2 mm. Lunar phase was not associated with E. (O.) guyanensis reproduction. GI and gametogenesis patterns suggest that starfish have an annual reproductive peak with spawning during autumn months (March to May)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Reproductive biology in the starfish Echinaster (Othilia) guyanensis (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) in southeastern Brazil

Mariante¹,

Lemos²,

Eutrópio³

et al. 2010

Zoologia (Curitiba, Impr.)

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“…The seasonally maximum gonad indices of M. nudus were more than 30 in E. bicyclis kelp beds (Sano et al 2001;Agatsuma et al 2005b), 15-17 in fucoid beds (Nakabayashi et al 2006;Endo et al 2007) and less than 10 in barrens (Agatsuma 1997;Agatsuma et al 2005b). The gonad index in E. bicyclis bed was higher than that in Sargassum yezoense bed .…”

Section: -1a Gonad Sizementioning

confidence: 93%

“…Griffiths and Perrott 1976). Agatsuma et al (2005b) studied the factors causing brown colored gonads, which lower the commercial value, in M. nudus in E. bicyclis beds and crustose coralline barrens in Miyagi, Japan. Gonad indices of the sea urchins in Eisenia beds were significantly higher than those in crustose coralline habitats.…”

Section: -1b Brown-colorization Of Gonadmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8, 9). Agatsuma et al (2005b) suggested the brown colorization is correlated with aging and/or gonad size as determined by food availability. In this study, the main causative pigment of brown colorization is likely contained in water-and fat-insoluble residues.…”

Section: -1b Brown-colorization Of Gonadmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ages, which reached a legal size of 5 cm diameter are shown in Table 1. The growth rate was high in the beds of the perennial kelps E. bicyclis, S. japonica, S. angustata, Saccharina sculpera, and Alaria crassifolia, where M. nudus reached a test diameter of 5 cm at ages of 2-4 years (Agatsuma 1997;Sano et al 2001;Agatsuma et al 2005b). The growth rate was very low in barrens in the Sea of Japan off southwestern Hokkaido, where M. nudus reached the same size at ages of 7-8 years (Agatsuma 1997).…”

Section: -1d Somatic Growth and Growth Seasonmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Population Dynamics of Edible Sea Urchins Associated with Variability of Seaweed Beds in Northern Japan

Agatsuma¹

2014

Aqua-BioSci. Monogr. (ABSM)

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Keyword Clements Tsukidate 1992). Sargassum beds trap nutrients and contribute to high rates of primary production (e.g. Wanders 1976). The highest annual production of 8.25 kg dry/m 2 was recorded in Sargassum macrocarpum in Iida Bay, Ishikawa in the Sea of Japan (Taniguchi and Yamada 1978).Edible sea urchins are primary consumers in coastal rocky-bottom ecosystems and their main diet is marine algae (De Ridder and Lawrence 1982). About 20 species of sea urchins are consumed in the world. Most sea urchins belong to the order Echinoida. All the species inhabit shallow waters (Lawrence 2001). Since Abstract Effects of variability of seaweed beds on population dynamics of sea urchins have not been studied in detail. The present study documents that population dynamics of edible sea urchins is closely associated with variability of seaweed beds in subtidal rocky regions in northern Japan, from larval settlement, gonad production, somatic growth, recruitment and seasonal migration of the sea urchins Mesocentrotus nudus, Strongylocentrotus intermedius and Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus. Dibromomethane (DBM), which is produced abundantly by crustose coralline algae, induced larval metamorphosis of more than 80% of individuals of M. nudus and S. intermedius in the presence of 34-61 ppm within 24 h, indicating its instantaneous effect on a high success of metamorphosis. Conversely, 2,4-dibromophenol (DBP) and 2,4,6-tribromophenol (TBP), which are released from kelps Eisenia bicyclis and Ecklonia kurome, killed all eightarmed larvae of M. nudus and S. intermedius in the presence of 20-50 ppm. The larval metamorphosis were significantly reduced in the presence of 1-10 ppm. These suggest that the population size of these sea urchins is enhanced on coralline barrens and reduced in kelp forests. Population size of M. nudus was enhanced by episodic recruitment of juveniles on crustose coralline barrens affected by large-scale oceanographic processes. Growth and gonad production of M. nudus and H. pulcherrimus is greatly affected by the amount and the kind of seaweed beds, which alter the states of crustose coralline flats and large perennial kelp or fucoid forests in the course of algal succession through oceanographic condition. The sea urchins migrate to seaweed beds to increase in gonad size toward maturation and spawning in the species-specific reproductive cycles to succeed in reproduction. Release of hatchery-raised seeds of S. intermedius into the wild and aquaculture of wild or hatchery-raised sea urchins fed on surplus or low-priced sea foods for humans enabled the sea urchins to increase the population size and improve the gonad production and somatic growth.

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Enhancing the Commercial Quality of Edible Sea Urchin Gonads — Technologies Emphasizing Nutritive Phagocytes

Walker

Böttger

Unuma

et al. 2015

Echinoderm Aquaculture

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Factors causing brown-colored gonads of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus nudus in northern Honshu, Japan

Cited by 54 publications

References 22 publications

Reproductive biology in the starfish Echinaster (Othilia) guyanensis (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) in southeastern Brazil

Reproductive biology in the starfish Echinaster (Othilia) guyanensis (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) in southeastern Brazil

Population Dynamics of Edible Sea Urchins Associated with Variability of Seaweed Beds in Northern Japan

Enhancing the Commercial Quality of Edible Sea Urchin Gonads — Technologies Emphasizing Nutritive Phagocytes

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