Factors Associated With Urgency Urinary Incontinence Among Older Mexican American Women Aged 65 years and Older

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine which socio-demographic, clinical, or functional factors are associated with urgency urinary incontinence (UUI) over 20-years of follow-up in a community-dwelling sample of Mexican American women aged 65 years and older without UUI at baseline. We included 1,358 women participants from the Hispanic Established Population for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly study conducted in the southwestern of US (Arizona, California, Colorado, New Mexico, and Texas). Measures included self-reported UUI, socio-demographics, smoking status, body mass index, medical conditions, depressive symptoms, physical and cognitive function, and handgrip strength. We used generalized estimating equation models to estimate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% Confidence Interval (CI) of UUI as a function of socioeconomic, clinical, and functional factors. Self-reported UUI increased from 3.1% to 21.9% from baseline (1993/1994) to follow-up (2012/2013). Current smokers, obesity, arthritis, previous heart attacks, and depressive symptoms were factors associated with greater odds of UUI over time. Identification of these factors can help clinicians determine those at high risk of developing UUI. Preventing and/or treating the risk factors early may delay UUI and increase quality of life in this underserved population.

Association of overweight, obesity and risk of urinary incontinence in middle-aged and older women: a meta epidemiology study

“…This meta-analysis encompasses a total of 16 studies ( 20 – 35 ),which aimed at investigating an overall sample size of 27,389 individuals. Out of the 16 studies, eleven were cohort studies ( 20 – 22 , 24 , 25 , 30 – 35 ), while the remaining five were cross-sectional studies16,19-22 ( 23 , 26 – 29 ). The studies included in this analysis were published between 2007 and 2023.…”

“…We assessed the quality of the eighteen studies via the NOS and AHRQ, and the scores are presented in Table 1 . Five studies ( 20 , 21 , 31 , 33 , 34 ) were scored as ≥7 (high quality) and six studies ( 22 , 24 , 25 , 30 , 32 , 35 ) were scored as 6 and 5 (moderate quality) according to the NOS criteria. An average score of 6.5 was obtained from these thirteen studies, representing an overall moderate quality.…”

“…This meta-analysis encompasses a total of 16 studies (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35), which aimed at investigating an overall sample size of 27,389 individuals. Out of the 16 studies, eleven were cohort studies (20-22, 24, 25, 30-35), while the remaining five were cross-sectional studies16, 19-22 (23, 26-29).…”

“…The sample size of the studies ranged from 168 to 8,736 participants. The majority of the studies presented adjusted estimates, however, some studies did not, including seven studies (22,(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)32).The adjusted confounders used in these studies varied slightly. Detailed information of the characteristics of these 16 studies are provided in Table 1.…”

“…Sixteen studies (20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35) were included in the analysis evaluating the correlation between obesity and the risk of UI among middleaged and elderly women. There is a significant association between obesity and UI in this group of women (OR = 1.60; 95% CI: 1.42-1.81; I 2 = 71.8%, p=0.000; Figure 3).…”