Factors Associated With the Differences Between Self-Report Smoking and Urinary Cotinine Criteria

Lee, Gyeong-Min; Yoon, Jangho; Lee, Woo-Ri; Kim, Li-Hyun; Yoo, Keun-Young

doi:10.1177/1010539520986248

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In this study, the proportion of smokers seemed to be low (17.8%). This result should be interpreted with caution as this is a self-reported measure 27 . Possible assumption could be that some participants may have not reported their smoking status correctly for fear of stigma and/or discrimination.…”

Section: Smoking Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 79%

Knowledge, attitudes and practices towards lung cancer among adults in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: a cross-sectional survey

Dlamini

Sartorius

Ginindza

2022

J. Public Health Afr.

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Background. Lung cancer remains the number one cause of cancer mortality estimated at 1.8 million deaths. There are limited studies in resource poor countries regarding knowledge, attitudes and practices towards lung cancer. Objective. This study aimed to describe the knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding lung cancer in selected communities in KwaZulu- Natal, South Africa. Methods. An observational, analytic cross-sectional study design was conducted using a standardized questionnaire. A stratified random cluster sampling method was applied across five communities. A regression model was developed to identify the predictors of the level of knowledge. Results. About 59.9% (95% CI 52.0 - 67.3) of the participants reported to have heard of lung cancer. The mean knowledge score was 41.8% (95% CI 35.7 - 47.9%). Coughing blood was the most recognized symptom (61.0%, 95% CI 52.1 - 69.1). About 17% (95% CI 14.7 - 21.5) of participants reported to be smokers. Many respondents reported that they would go to a health centre or clinic in case they were coughing blood (72.4%, 95% CI 93.9 - 79.5). Less than 10% (95% CI 3.9 - 8.1) of participants was screened for lung cancer at the time. Gender, history of working in the chemicals industry, screening for lung cancer, and time taken to seek health care when sick were significant predictors of lung cancer knowledge. Conclusions. Public health interventions should be explored to increase the levels of community awareness regarding lung cancer, particularly focusing on the importance of screening, early diagnosis and treatment.

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Section: Smoking Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 79%

Knowledge, attitudes and practices towards lung cancer among adults in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: a cross-sectional survey

Dlamini

Sartorius

Ginindza

2022

J. Public Health Afr.

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“…According to the urine testing that confirmed smoking behavior, self-reported nonsmokers exposed to second-hand smoke exhibited higher rates of incorrect reporting of smoking behavior than those not exposed to second-hand smoke (28.6% vs. 9.4%); this is similar to the findings of past newly diagnosed cancer patients’ study, although the results did not reach a level of statistical significance 26 . However, a Korea research found nonsmokers' underreporting of their smoking status was positively associated with secondhand smoke 27 . The non-significant finding in this study could be owing to the female volunteer soldiers who had served in the military for a long time everyday being exposed to nearly the same background second-hand smoke.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Verifying the accuracy of self-reported smoking behavior in female volunteer soldiers

Chan

Lai

Huang

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Smoking rates in the military are evaluated through questionnaire surveying. Because the accurate identification of smokers facilitates the provision of smoking cessation services, this study conducted urine cotinine concentration testing to verify the accuracy of self-reported smoking behavior by female volunteer soldiers and analyzed the effects of second-hand smoking on urine cotinine concentrations. This study is a cross-sectional study conducted using purposive sampling on female volunteer soldiers receiving training at the Taichung Recruit Training Center in May 2014. This study simultaneously collected questionnaires and urine samples, and urine samples were analyzed with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The self-reported smoking rate of female volunteer soldiers was 19.3%, whereas the smoking rate as determined by urine cotinine concentration testing was 26.3%, indicating an overall underestimation of 7.0%. Chi-square (χ2) goodness of fit test results indicated that the distribution of self-reported smoking behaviors and that verified from urine cotinine concentration testing were significantly different. The sensitivity of self-reported smoking behavior was 66.7% with a specificity of 97.6%. There was no significant association between second-hand smoking and urine cotinine concentrations. Questionnaire survey self-reporting methods could underestimate the smoking behavior of female volunteer soldiers and routine testing with biochemical verification is necessary.

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“…In addition to selecting the predictors to include in an analysis and specifying their effects (e.g., interactions), the integrity of the smoking outcome variable is important. The majority of smoking studies rely on self-report of smoking behavior, which might be affected by response bias [24][25][26]. The accuracy of the self-report appears to be population dependent, with trends of under-reporting found in certain groups, such as pregnant women [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of Smoking in Older Adults and an Epigenetic Validation of Self-Report

Long

Gehlsen

Moody

et al. 2022

Genes

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There are several established predictors of smoking, but it is unknown if these predictors operate similarly for young and old smokers. We examined clinical data from the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) to determine the predictive ability of gender, body mass index (BMI), marital status, and race on smoking behavior, with emphasis on gender interactions. In addition, we validated the self-report of smoking behaviors for a subgroup that had available epigenetic data in the form of cg05575921 methylation. Participants were N=9572 current or former smokers from the NLST biofluids database, age 55–74, minimum of 30 pack years, and mostly White. A subgroup of N=3084 who had DNA were used for the self-report validation analysis. The predictor analysis was based on the larger group and used penalized logistic regression to predict the self-report of being a former or current smoker at baseline. Cg05575921 methylation showed a moderate ability to discriminate among former and current smokers, AUC = 0.85 (95% confidence interval = [0.83, 0.86]). The final selected variables for the prediction model were BMI, gender, BMI by gender, age, divorced (vs. married), education, and race. The gender by BMI interaction was such that males had a higher probability of current smoking for lower BMI, but this switched to females having higher current smoking for overweight to obese. There is evidence that the self-reported smoking behavior in NLST is moderately accurate. The results of the primary analysis are consistent with the general smoking literature, and our results provide additional specificity regarding the gender by BMI interaction. Body weight issues might play a role in smoking cessation for older established smokers in a similar manner as younger smokers. It could be that women have less success with cessation when their BMI increases.

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Factors Associated With the Differences Between Self-Report Smoking and Urinary Cotinine Criteria

Cited by 3 publications

References 25 publications

Knowledge, attitudes and practices towards lung cancer among adults in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: a cross-sectional survey

Knowledge, attitudes and practices towards lung cancer among adults in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: a cross-sectional survey

Verifying the accuracy of self-reported smoking behavior in female volunteer soldiers

Predictors of Smoking in Older Adults and an Epigenetic Validation of Self-Report

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