Factors Associated with Poor Sleep Quality among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients on Insulin Therapy

Abstract

The aim of this study is to investigate the possible risk factors of poor sleep quality among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus on insulin therapy. The factors considered were age, sex, body mass index (BMI), glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), duration of diabetes and depression. A total of 202 diabetic patients aged 20 years or older were included in the study. The results showed that female sex and depression were independent risk factors for poor sleep quality among type 2 diabetics on insulin therapy. Findings may contribute to sleep disorder control in female patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus which has been linked to glycemic control. A. Sathyanarayanan et al. 207 activity are designed to prevent and manage diabetes and its complications. New strategies against the disease are needed. This is vital for the development of more efficient methods to counteract the progress of the disease and channelize our efforts directed at changes which most affect the disease. One component which is shown to have an impact is the relationship between diabetes and sleep quality [2]. Studies in other parts of the country have reported that short sleep duration or poor sleep quality may relate to glucose metabolism. Insulin administration was reported to be an important reason for the prevalence of sleep abnormalities. Data suggest that diabetes is associated with periodic breathing, a respiratory abnormality associated with abnormalities in the central control of ventilation, which in turn affects sleep [3].This can have many ramifications over the course and treatment of the patients who are on chronic insulin therapy. Not many studies have examined the factors associated with poor sleep quality in patients with type 2 diabetes using insulin. A recent study was conducted including 140 type 2 diabetics on insulin therapy. The possible risk factors that were considered in the study were age, sex, BMI, HbA1c, duration of diabetes and global PSQI score [4]. The results of the study showed poor sleep quality in females type 2 diabetes patients with insulin therapy. However, in this study depression was not considered which might confound the findings. In addition, many studies have reported a higher prevalence of depression among patients on insulin therapy [5]- [7]. The aim of the present study is to examine the factors associated with poor sleep quality among type 2 diabetes on insulin therapy. The factors considered were age, sex, BMI, HbA1c, duration of diabetes and depression.

Quality of sleep and its determinants among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Northwest of Iran

“…There are some studies that showed the associations between poor sleep quality and insulin therapy[12,26,38]. The current study found that the odds of being poor sleeper increased as the level of psychological distress increased from 1.84 to 4.09.…”

“…Regarding the negative effects of treatment with insulin on diabetic patients and reduction of satisfaction among patients treated with insulin injection[ 36 , 37 ], in the present study, the percentage of poor sleeper was a bit higher among those treated through insulin injection alone or with oral medication (40% compared to 39% in oral medication group) and much higher than other treatment group, though the difference was not statistically significant. There are some studies that showed the associations between poor sleep quality and insulin therapy[ 12 , 26 , 38 ]. The current study found that the odds of being poor sleeper increased as the level of psychological distress increased from 1.84 to 4.09.…”

“…The current study found that the odds of being poor sleeper increased as the level of psychological distress increased from 1.84 to 4.09. There is evidence that depression is an independent predictor of poor sleep quality among people with T2DM in insulin therapy[ 38 ].…”

Sleep Quality in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Attending a Tertiary Care Hospital in West Bengal: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…The result of the present study indicated that 57.3% of the subjects were classified as poor sleepers (PSQI> 5). The value obtained was higher compared to other studies conducted across the globe [ 8 - 9 ] which have reported 38 - 48 % 0f their subjects as “poor sleepers” but lesser as compared to a similar study conducted in India by Vigg et al [ 10 ].…”

Poor sleep quality and its predictors among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients attending Jimma University Medical Center, Jimma, Ethiopia

“…According to the findings of different studies, female gender, low income, longer disease duration, poor glycemic control, and presence of hypertension increases the risk of poor sleep quality among people with type 2 diabetes [10, 16–18].…”