Factors associated with <i>p</i>‐phenylenediamine sensitization: data from the  Information Network of Departments of Dermatology,  2008–2013

Schubert, Steffen; Lessmann, Holger; Schnuch, Axel; Uter, Wolfgang; Geier, Johannes; Ivdk,

doi:10.1111/cod.12920

Cited by 33 publications

(36 citation statements)

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“…is recommended, especially in children. 16,18 Our results show that children and adolescents had significantly less positive reactions with concomitant foot dermatitis than adults.…”

Section: Predictors Of Contact Sensitization In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…If a strong sensitization to PPD, for example, due to black henna, is suspected, cautious testing with low PPD concentrations (0.05% pet.) is recommended, especially in children …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3] However, current data on the incidence of allergic diseases show a 12-month prevalence of 2.2% (1.9%-2.6%) for contact dermatitis in children 2 with an increasing trend. 4 Based on the analysis of German Contact Dermatitis Research Group (DKG) children-baseline allergen series, we aimed to illustrate the current sensitization spectrum in children (aged [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] and adolescents (aged [13][14][15][16][17][18] in comparison with adults (aged 60-66), respectively. As a secondary objective, we investigated the differences in sensitization patterns between adolescents who reported having an occupation and non-working adolescents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A case‐control analysis of skin contact allergy in children and adolescents

Francuzik

Geier

Schubert

et al. 2019

Pediatric Allergy Immunology

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Background Contact sensitization in children is increasing. The offending allergens differ depending on patient age and sex. We aimed to determine the sensitization profiles in children (aged 6‐12) and adolescents (aged 13‐18), to compare these to a control group of adults (aged 60‐66), and to evaluate differences in sensitization patterns between working and non‐working adolescents. Patients/Materials/Methods We analyzed Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK) data from 2009 to 2016 using multiple logistic regression analysis. Of the 99 082 patients documented in the IVDK database, 591 children, 2451 adolescents and 12 122 adults were included in further analysis. Results Nickel was the most frequent contact allergen among all age‐groups. Children and adolescents showed significantly lower reaction rates to fragrance mix, methyldibromo‐glutaronitrile, methylisothiazolinone, and propolis than adults. Positive reactions to sorbitan sesquioleate and mercapto mix among children and to cobalt among adolescents were significantly more frequent than in adults. Working adolescents had more often positive reactions to methyl(chloro)isothiazolinone (skin lesions predominantly on hands) and paraben mix (skin lesions predominantly on feet) when compared to non‐working peers. Patch‐tested children were more often diagnosed with atopic dermatitis than adults (P < 0.0001). Conclusions Contact allergens display age‐specific patterns, which should be considered in a standardized series targeting different patient populations (children and adolescents). Employed adolescents should preferably be tested with the baseline series to optimize allergen identification.

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“…is recommended, especially in children. 16,18 Our results show that children and adolescents had significantly less positive reactions with concomitant foot dermatitis than adults.…”

Section: Predictors Of Contact Sensitization In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…If a strong sensitization to PPD, for example, due to black henna, is suspected, cautious testing with low PPD concentrations (0.05% pet.) is recommended, especially in children …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A case‐control analysis of skin contact allergy in children and adolescents

Francuzik

Geier

Schubert

et al. 2019

Pediatric Allergy Immunology

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“…The estimated prevalence of PPD allergy in the general population was 1.5% in a data analysis from the USA, 41 0.8% in a cross‐sectional study of five European countries, 1 1.5% in a recent systematic review and meta‐analysis 42 and a quite high (2.7%) in Thailand 43 . The Information Network of Departments of Dermatology demonstrated the use of hair dyes, the application of temporary black henna tattoos, and working as a hairdresser as major risk factors for PPD sensitization 44 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupational and non‐occupational allergic contact dermatitis to hair dyes in Greece. A 10‐year retrospective study

et al. 2020

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Background Oxidative hair dyes are an important source of chemical exposure and a major risk factor for the development of occupational and non‐occupational allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) worldwide. Objective To identify the frequency of common allergens associated with occupational and non‐occupational ACD to hair dyes during the last 10 years, in Greece. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with suspected ACD to hair dyes from 2010–2019. All patients with patch‐test‐confirmed ACD to hair dyes were evaluated. Results Out of 501 patients with suspected ACD to hair dyes, 362 had at least one positive reaction to hair dye allergens (62.4% were customers and 37.6% were hairdressers). The mean age of customers and hairdressers was 43.8 years and 30.8 years, respectively. Of the customers, 58.9% were exposed to dyes for >10 years and 61% of hairdressers for <5 years. The most common site of ACD among customers was the scalp (85%) and among hairdressers the hands (90%). p‐Phenylenediamine (PPD) was the most common contact allergen (52.2%), followed by toluene‐2,5‐diamine, p‐aminophenol, m‐aminophenol, and ammonium persulfate. Conclusions Sensitization prevalences for PPD and cross‐reacting allergens have increased in Greece during the last decade, regardless of occupational or non‐occupational exposure to hair dyes.

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“…A study of 4314 patients tested with p-phenylenediamine (PPD) 1% pet. revealed an increased risk associated with previous hair dyeing (OR 6.0, 95% CI: 3.9-9.4), and, to a lesser extent, previous henna tattoo (OR 2.4, 95% CI: 1.5-3.7) and being a hairdresser (OR 2.1, 95% CI: 1.3-3.2) [257]. The polymorphism of N-acetyltransferase entailing slow or intermediate acetylation seems to be a risk factor for PPD sensitisation [258].…”

Section: Clothing Leather and Dyesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contact Allergy—Emerging Allergens and Public Health Impact

Uter

Werfel

Lepoittevin

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Contact allergy (sensitisation) and allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) resulting from it have a considerable public health impact. For the present review, all pertinent articles were systematically searched via Medline and Web of Science™; additionally, all available issues of the journals “Contact Dermatitis” and “Dermatitis” were manually searched, covering the years 2018–2019, thereby extending and re-focusing a previous similar review. New allergens, or previously described allergens found in a new exposure context or of other current importance, are described in sections according to substance classes, e.g., metals, preservatives, fragrances. As a common finding in many investigations, a lack of information on product composition has been noted, for instance, regarding a newly described allergen in canvas shoes (dimethylthiocarbamylbenzothiazole sulfide) and, most notably, absence of co-operation from manufacturers of glucose-monitoring devices and insulin pumps, respectively. These latter devices have been shown to cause severe ACD in a considerable number of diabetic patients caused by the liberation of isobornyl acrylate and N,N’-dimethylacrylamide, respectively, as demonstrated by an international collaboration between dermatologists and chemists. Improved and complete ingredient labelling for all types of products, and not just as we have with cosmetics at present (apart from full listing of fragrance substances) in Europe, must be put on the legislative agenda.

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Factors associated with p‐phenylenediamine sensitization: data from the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology, 2008–2013

Abstract: Hair dyeing is the major risk factor for PPD sensitization in this clinical setting, and application of a temporary black henna tattoo may also lead to (strong) PPD sensitization.

Cited by 33 publications

References 36 publications

A case‐control analysis of skin contact allergy in children and adolescents

A case‐control analysis of skin contact allergy in children and adolescents

Occupational and non‐occupational allergic contact dermatitis to hair dyes in Greece. A 10‐year retrospective study

Contact Allergy—Emerging Allergens and Public Health Impact

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