<b><i>Background:</i></b> Onychomycosis is the most common disease of the nails. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> This retrospective study aimed at evaluating the epidemiology of onychomycosis in adult patients in South Greece during the 2015–2017 period. <b><i>Material and Methods:</i></b> A total of 3,226 patients with clinical signs of possible onychomycosis were included. Diagnosis was confirmed by microscopy with KOH 20% and by culture in Sabouraud agar with and without actidione. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Diagnosis of onychomycosis was confirmed in 27.99% of the patients. Men were infected more often (40.04%) than women (23.30%). Toenails (68.77%) were infected more than fingernails (31.23%) in both sexes. Onychomycosis in fingernails was more common among women (39.74%) than men (18.51%). Men were more often diagnosed with onychomycosis in toenails (81.49%) than women (60.26%). Dermatophytes were the most frequently isolated fungi (34.11%), followed by <i>Candida</i>(29.79%) and non-dermatophyte molds (NDM) (7.20%). In fingernails, the most frequently isolated fungus was <i>Candida</i> spp. (84.04%), followed by dermatophytes (3.55%) and NDM (0.71%). In toenails, dermatophytes (47.99%) were more commonly identified, followed by NDM (10.14%) and <i>Candida</i> spp. (5.15%). <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Onychomycosis in Greece follows a pattern of higher incidence in males, with toenails more frequently infected with <i>T. rubrum</i> and fingernails more frequently infected with <i>C. albicans</i> in the present era.

Background Oxidative hair dyes are an important source of chemical exposure and a major risk factor for the development of occupational and non‐occupational allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) worldwide. Objective To identify the frequency of common allergens associated with occupational and non‐occupational ACD to hair dyes during the last 10 years, in Greece. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with suspected ACD to hair dyes from 2010–2019. All patients with patch‐test‐confirmed ACD to hair dyes were evaluated. Results Out of 501 patients with suspected ACD to hair dyes, 362 had at least one positive reaction to hair dye allergens (62.4% were customers and 37.6% were hairdressers). The mean age of customers and hairdressers was 43.8 years and 30.8 years, respectively. Of the customers, 58.9% were exposed to dyes for >10 years and 61% of hairdressers for <5 years. The most common site of ACD among customers was the scalp (85%) and among hairdressers the hands (90%). p‐Phenylenediamine (PPD) was the most common contact allergen (52.2%), followed by toluene‐2,5‐diamine, p‐aminophenol, m‐aminophenol, and ammonium persulfate. Conclusions Sensitization prevalences for PPD and cross‐reacting allergens have increased in Greece during the last decade, regardless of occupational or non‐occupational exposure to hair dyes.

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