Factors Associated with Cortical and Trabecular Bone Loss as Quantified by Peripheral Computed Tomography (pQCT) at the Ultradistal Radius in Aging Women

Boonen, Steven; Cheng, Xiaoliang; Nijs, J; Nicholson, Patrick; Verbeke, Geert; Lesaffre, Emmanuel; Aerssens, Jeroen; Dequeker, Jan

doi:10.1007/s002239900208

Cited by 81 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…In the present study, grip strength was significantly correlated with vBMD, Ct.Ar, Ct.Th and bone strength index. However, Boonen et al reported that grip strength was significantly related to cortical, but not to trabecular density in 129 community based women by radial pQCT [29]. These discrepancies might be caused by the relatively small number of subjects in their study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Effects of Age, Grip Strength and Smoking on Forearm Volumetric Bone Mineral Density and Bone Geometry by Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography: Comparisons between Female and Male

et al. 2005

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Abstract. Peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) is useful to measure volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) distinguishing trabecular from cortical bones as well as quantity of bone geometry. In the present study, we examined the effects of age, grip strength and smoking on vBMD, bone geometry and bone strength index (polar strength strain index (SSIp)), and then compared with the differences between female and male by employing pQCT in Japanese 252 female and 230 male subjects. Age was negatively correlated with vBMD, cortical area (Ct.Ar) and cortical thickness (Ct.Th) as well as SSIp in both sexes, and the correlation coefficients were higher in female, compared with those in male. Although age was correlated with endocortical circumferences (En.Le) in both sexes, periosteal circumferences (Ex.Le) were correlated with age only in male. Volumetric BMD, Ct.Ar, Ct.Th and SSIp were significantly lower in the group with vertebral fractures, although En.Le and Ex.Le were similar between subjects with and without vertebral fractures. Grip strength was positively correlated with vBMD, Ct.Ar, Ct.Th as well as SSIp. The extent of correlation was much higher in female, compared with that in male. Ct.vBMD, Ct.Ar, Ct.Th and SSIp, but not trabecular vBMD, were significantly lower in the group with high Brinkman index (number of cigarettes smoked per day) × (duration of smoking (years)) in female. These parameters were not significantly different between groups with high and low Brinkman index in male. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that age, grip strength and smoking affected forearm vBMD, bone geometry and bone strength index by pQCT. These effects were greater in female, compared with those in male. useful to quantify geometric properties of long bone, because it can be used to estimate area and circumferences of total bone as well as cortical area (Ct.Ar) and cortical thickness (Ct.Th) [2]. Moreover, pQCT helps to estimate bone strength by calculating polar strength strain index (SSIp), which has recently been elaborated to predict bone strength noninvasively [3]. Bone size increases with aging [4]. Increased bone loss after menopause is associated with increased periosteal apposition rate [5]. Our previous study revealed that an excess and a deficiency of endogenous parathyroid hormone (PTH) affect bone geometry determined by pQCT [6]. These findings suggest that the evaluation of bone geometry change is useful to estimate the bone fragility.Riggs et al. recently reported in a population-based study that the cross-sectional area of the vertebrae and proximal femur increased in both sexes over life, although vBMD at those sites decreased by 39-55% and 34-46%, respectively, with greater decreases in female than in male [7]. On the other hand, the increased muscle strength elevates BMD [8][9][10][11], and smoking enhances the risk of fractures [12,13]. However, no reports have been available about the sex difference in the effects of muscle strength and smoking on vBMD and bone geometry by usin...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Effects of Age, Grip Strength and Smoking on Forearm Volumetric Bone Mineral Density and Bone Geometry by Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography: Comparisons between Female and Male

et al. 2005

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“…(8) The lack of anabolic properties of DHT on lean body mass could contribute to the finding that even high doses of DHT had no impact on cortical bone, a bone compartment known to be more dependent on muscle function. (16) In addition to its failure to stimulate lean body mass, DHT-again in contrast to testosterone (8) -decreased concentrations of serum IGF-I, a growth factor known to stimulate bone formation and muscle metabolism. To the best of our knowledge, a DHTinduced decrease of IGF-I has not been reported earlier.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence From the Aged Orchidectomized Male Rat Model That 17β-Estradiol Is a More Effective Bone-Sparing and Anabolic Agent Than 5α-Dihydrotestosterone

Vandenput

Boonen

Herck

et al. 2002

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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This study was designed to evaluate the impact of estrogen versus androgen action on orchidectomy (ORX)-induced bone loss and associated changes in body composition. During an experimental period of 4 months, aged (12-month-old) ORX rats were treated with 17␤-estradiol (E 2 ; 0.75 g/day) or different doses of the nonaromatizable androgen 5␣-dihydrotestosterone (DHT; 45, 75, and 150 g/day, respectively), via subcutaneous (sc) silastic implants. Low doses of DHT and E 2 inhibited the ORX-induced rise of bone turnover markers (serum osteocalcin and urinary deoxypyridinoline [DPD]) to a similar extent. High-dose DHT prevented the ORX-induced decrease of trabecular bone density but had no significant effect on cortical thinning as assessed by peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT). This bone-sparing action of DHT occurred at the expense of hypertrophy of the ventral prostate and seminal vesicles. On the other hand, E 2 restored both trabecular bone density and cortical thickness in ORX rats and even prevented age-related bone loss. In contrast to DHT, E 2 increased lean body mass and inhibited the ORX-associated increase of fat mass, as measured by DXA. Administration of E 2 was associated with increased serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor (IGF) I and decreased circulating levels of leptin. We conclude that, in the aged ORX rat model, E 2 is more effective in preventing ORX-induced bone loss than DHT. Additionally, E 2 has anabolic effects on muscle tissue and prevents the ORX-related increase of fat mass. Overall, these data suggest that androgen action on bone and body composition is dependent on stimulation of both androgen receptors (ARs) and estrogen receptors (ERs) .

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“…Boonen et al (40) found no significant association between calcium intake and volumetric bone density. In an intervention study by Rüegsegger et al, (41) calcium compounds were able to slow down trabecular bone loss from both the distal radius and the distal tibia.…”

Section: Uusi-rasi Et Almentioning

confidence: 95%

“…The two studies (29,40) already mentioned did not evaluate bone size. In our previous study with DXAestimated bone variables, we found calcium intake to be associated positively with bone width and estimated bone strength in the diaphyses of the radius.…”

Section: Uusi-rasi Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of Calcium Intake and Physical Activity With Bone Density and Size in Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Women: A Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography Study

Uusi‐Rasi

Sievänen

Pasanen

et al. 2002

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine the impact of long-term physical activity (PA) and calcium intake on non-weight-bearing radius and weight-bearing tibia. ). The distal end and shaft regions of the radius and tibia were evaluated with peripheral quantitative tomography (pQCT). For the shaft regions, bone mineral content (BMC), cortical cross-sectional area (CoA), cortical density (CoD), and bone strength index, that is, 1-11.9% of the density-weighted section modulus (BSI) were determined. For the distal ends, BMC, total cross-sectional area (ToA), trabecular density (TrD), and BSI were determined. The BMC at the distal radius in the young PA ؉ group was 6.6% (95% CI, 1-to 11.9%) lower than that of the PA ؊ group. A similar nonsignificant trend was found for the radial shaft. The radial shaft showed a mechanically more competent structure among the older subjects with a BSI 8.5% (95% CI, 1.8 -15.6%) higher in the older PA ؉ group than in the older PA ؊ group. The associations between calcium intake and the radial bone characteristics were systematically positive in both age groups. PA seemed to benefit the distal tibia. In the younger age group the TrD was 6.9% (95% CI, 1.8 -12.4%) higher in the PA ؉ group, and in the elderly the BMC was 5% (95% CI, 0.3-9.9%) higher in the PA ؉ group than in the PA ؊ group. Note that in the younger age group the ToA was 5.1% (95% CI, 0 -9.1%) smaller in the PA ؉ group than in the PA ؊ group, and in the older age group the ToA was 4.2% (95% CI, ؊0.3-8.9%) greater in the PA ؉ group than in the PA ؊ group. The association of PA and bone characteristics at the tibial shaft was positive in both age groups (statistically significant for the older subjects). The tibial shaft BSI of the older PA ؉ group was 8.6% (95% CI, 2.6 -14.9%) better than that of the old PA ؊ group. There was no association between calcium intake and the tibial bone characteristics in either age group. In conclusion, high calcium intake was positively associated with a mechanically competent structure in the radius among both younger and older women, whereas the influence of PA did not become apparent until older ages. PA seemed to benefit particularly the weight-bearing tibia, whereas calcium intake was not associated with the tibia. (J Bone Miner Res 2002;17:544 -552)

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Factors Associated with Cortical and Trabecular Bone Loss as Quantified by Peripheral Computed Tomography (pQCT) at the Ultradistal Radius in Aging Women

Cited by 81 publications

References 45 publications

Effects of Age, Grip Strength and Smoking on Forearm Volumetric Bone Mineral Density and Bone Geometry by Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography: Comparisons between Female and Male

Effects of Age, Grip Strength and Smoking on Forearm Volumetric Bone Mineral Density and Bone Geometry by Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography: Comparisons between Female and Male

Evidence From the Aged Orchidectomized Male Rat Model That 17β-Estradiol Is a More Effective Bone-Sparing and Anabolic Agent Than 5α-Dihydrotestosterone

Associations of Calcium Intake and Physical Activity With Bone Density and Size in Premenopausal and Postmenopausal Women: A Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography Study

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