Factors affecting the accuracy of the determination of diethyl phthalate in vodka, ethanol, and samples of illegal alcoholic products

Savchuk, S. A.; Nuzhnyi, V. P.; Колесов, Г. М.

doi:10.1134/s1061934806120136

Cited by 25 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Currently we can conclude that DEP seems to be unsuitable as a denaturing agent as it has no effect on the organoleptic properties of ethanol and can easily be separated by distillation [4]. For cosmetics, oils that are part of the recipe anyway or bitter agents such as denatonium benzoate (bitrexH) should be used as alternative denaturing agents [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Analysis and Risk Assessment of Diethyl Phthalate in Alcoholic Beverages with Special Regard to Unrecorded Alcohol

Leitz¹,

Kuballa²,

Rehm³

et al. 2011

Industrial Chemistry

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Background: Phthalates are synthetic compounds with a widespread field of applications. For example, they are used as plasticizers in PVC plastics and food packaging, or are added to personal care products. Diethyl phthalate (DEP) may be used to denature alcohol, e.g., for cosmetic purposes. Public health concerns of phthalates include carcinogenic, teratogenic, hepatotoxic and endocrine effects. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a method for determining phthalates in alcohol samples and to provide a risk assessment for consumers of such products.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Analysis and Risk Assessment of Diethyl Phthalate in Alcoholic Beverages with Special Regard to Unrecorded Alcohol

Leitz¹,

Kuballa²,

Rehm³

et al. 2011

Industrial Chemistry

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“…None of the analysed vodkas contained 1-butanol, 2-butanol, 1-hexanol, 2-phenylethanol, ethyl acetate, ethyl lactate and ethyl octanoate ). The GC-FID technique was also used to determine diethyl phthalate in vodka, ethanol and illegal alcoholic products (Savchuk et al 2006) as well as for assessing changes in the composition of vodka before and after filtration through activated charcoal (Siříšťová et al 2012). In both cases, besides GC-FID analysis, the analysis by means of gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was performed as it gives better results compared to GC-FID analysis.…”

Section: Studies Of Vodka Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In comparison to FID, the MS detector is more sensitive and allows easier identification of the analysed compound. As previously mentioned, the GC-MS system was used to determine selected compounds in vodkas, ethanol and illegal alcoholic products (Savchuk et al 2006). A total of 13 samples were analysed, which included three samples purchased at the grocery stores in Stavropol, one reference sample purchased legally in the store in the city, and nine samples bought from individual home owners by the agents from the Kryzyl distillery.…”

Section: Studies Of Vodka Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Analysis of Vodka: A Review Paper

et al. 2015

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Vodka is the most popular alcoholic beverage in Poland, Russia and other Eastern European countries, made from ethyl alcohol of agricultural origin that has been produced via fermentation of potatoes, grains or other agricultural products. Despite distillation and multiple filtering, it is not possible to produce 100 % ethanol. The solution with a minimum ethanol content of 96 %, which is used to produce vodkas, also contains trace amounts of other compounds such as, esters, aldehydes, higher alcohols, methanol, acetates, acetic acid and fusel oil. Regarding that fact, it is very important to carry on research on the analysis of the composition and verifying the authenticity of the produced vodkas. This paper summarizes the studies of vodka composition and verifying the authenticity and detection of falsified products. It also includes the methods for analysing vodkas, such as: using gas, ion and liquid chromatography coupled with different types of detectors, electronic nose, electronic tongue, conductivity measurements, isotope analysis, atomic absorption spectroscopy, near infrared spectroscopy, spectrofluorometry and mass spectrometry. In some cases, the use of chemometric methods and preparation techniques were also described.

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“…(58) koristili su deuterirane ftalate za kvantifi kaciju ftalata u uzorcima vina i pritom su izbjegli efekt matriksa te povećali preciznost i osjetljivost metode u usporedbi s metodom standardne adicije. Osim upotrebom GC-MS-a, moguća je i kvantifi kacija ftalata plinskom kromatografijom uz plamenoionizacijski detektor (GC-FID), kako je opisano za DEP (59). Za kvantifi kaciju ftalata, posebice DEP-a, također se koriste UV-VIS i ¹H NMR tehnike (60,61).…”

Section: Ftalati U Alkoholnim Pićimaunclassified

Exposure to Phtalates and Their Presence in Alcoholic Beverages

Jurica

Uršulin-Trstenjak

Lušić

et al. 2013

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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Ftalati su esteri ftalne kiseline i alifatskih alkohola koji se dodaju u plastične mase da bi se poboljšala njihova mekoća, savitljivost i rastezljivost. Zbog svojih fi zičko-kemijskih svojstava ftalati su vrlo mobilni i lako migriraju iz plastičnih proizvoda u prostor koji ih okružuje, pa tako dospijevaju u okoliš te su stoga opasni za čovjeka. U radu su ukratko opisana svojstva i raspodjela ftalata u okolišu, toksični učinci na ljudsko zdravlje te zakonska regulativa vezana uz maksimalno dopuštene koncentracije ftalata u vodi za piće i u proizvodima namijenjenima dojenčadi, kao i dopušteni dnevni unos u ljudski organizam. Posebna pažnja posvećena je metodama određivanja ftalata u alkoholnim pićima te razinama ftalata s osvrtom na njihovu pojavnost i koncentracije u šljivovici koja se proizvodi u Hrvatskoj. Obuhvaćena je i tematika vezana za ftalate u denaturiranom alkoholu i neregistriranom alkoholu koji se ilegalno stavlja na tržište. U zaključku su navedene smjernice za učinkoviti nadzor nad putovima izloženosti ljudi ftalatima. 2013;64:317-325 Ftalati su spojevi sintetičkog podrijetla, a najčešće se koriste kao dodaci različitim plastičnim masama radi poboljšanja njihovih mehaničkih svojstava, posebice mekoće, savitljivosti i rastezljivosti. Kao aditivi za plastificiranje prisutni su u brojnim proizvodima opće uporabe, poput dječjih igračaka i kozmetike, autokozmetike, u različitim otapalima i insekticidima, ambalaži za hranu, medicinskim uređajima i priboru za transfuziju, dekorativnim proizvodima, podnim oblogama, proizvodima za uređenje kućanstva te u tehnološkim procesima prehrambene i sličnih industrija (1-4). U zemljama istočne Europe utvrđena je prisutnost dietil-ftalata (DEP) u neregistriranim (ilegalnim) alkoholnim pićima, koja uopće ne bi smjela biti dostupna za konzumaciju, već zabranjena zbog opasnosti za zdravlje ljudi. Međutim, takva pića mogu se pronaći na tržištu, a u njima se nalazi DEP korišten u svrhu denaturacije etanola (5). KLJUČNE RIJEČI: di-(2-etilheksil)-ftalat, maksimalno dopuštene koncentracije, plastifi katori, toksičnost ftalataJurica K. et al. PHTALATES IN ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES Arh Hig Rada ToksikolZbog činjenice da nisu vezani kemijskom vezom za plastični materijal, ftalati se lako ispiru, brzo isparavaju u zrak i lako migriraju u hranu, pića i vodu za piće, i to najčešće iz ambalažnog materijala, no mogući su i drugi izvori kontaminacije proizvoda ftalatima, kao npr. dijelovima tehnološkog procesa proizvodnje (6-10). Esteri ftalne kiseline su kao industrijske kemikalije postali sveprisutni (ubikvitarni) zagađivači okoliša zbog svoje raširene uporabe (4).Prema podacima EPA-e, u SAD se svake godine proizvede ili uveze više od 213 000 tona ftalata (11). Prema podacima European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) i Comittee for Socio-economic Analysis

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Factors affecting the accuracy of the determination of diethyl phthalate in vodka, ethanol, and samples of illegal alcoholic products

Cited by 25 publications

References 2 publications

Chemical Analysis and Risk Assessment of Diethyl Phthalate in Alcoholic Beverages with Special Regard to Unrecorded Alcohol

Chemical Analysis and Risk Assessment of Diethyl Phthalate in Alcoholic Beverages with Special Regard to Unrecorded Alcohol

The Analysis of Vodka: A Review Paper

Exposure to Phtalates and Their Presence in Alcoholic Beverages

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