Factors affecting successful treatment outcomes in pulmonary tuberculosis: a single-center experience in Turkey, 2005–2011

Abstract

Introduction: We aimed to describe the treatment outcomes in patients with bacteriologically confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and identify factors associated with successful treatment outcome. Methodology: The medical charts of patients with smear and/or culture-positive PTB who were treated between 2005 and 2011 at the Kocaeli Tuberculosis Dispensary, Turkey, were reviewed. Patients were categorized as having a successful (cured or with a completed treatment) or poor (treatment default, treatment failure, death) treatment outcome. The association of demographic and clinical factors, including gender, age, education, occupation, insurance, family size, living area, smear and culture positivity, retreatment, comorbidity, drug resistance, and cavity on radiography, with the success of treatment, was evaluated by univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Of 738 patients (258 females, 480 males) with bacteriologically confirmed PTB, 683 (92.6%) had successful treatment outcomes. Of those with a poor outcome, 29 (3.9%) had treatment default, 18 (2.4%) died, and 8 (1.1%) had treatment failure. Young age, no previous treatment, no comorbidity, no drug resistance, and high education level were factors significantly associated with successful PTB treatment outcome (p < 0.05 for all). Conclusions: Treatment outcome was successful in young and educated PTB patients who had drug resistance, previous treatment history, and no comorbidities. Knowledge of the factors affecting treatment success will lead to the undertaking of specific measures in the management of PTB, which may help to decrease treatment failure.

Treatment Outcomes of Tuberculosis at Asella Teaching Hospital, Ethiopia: Ten Years’ Retrospective Aggregated Data

“…The relatively higher proportion TB in male (53.8%) in this retrospective data is in agreement with the study conducted elsewhere (10, 16–18), which could be related to the underutilization of health facility by female patients that could intern be due to various socioeconomic and cultural influences as suggested by Mohammed et al (16) or could also be due to the real biological differences between male and female in susceptibility to development of active disease (19). …”

Tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes and Determinants among Patients Treated in Hospitals in Imo State, Nigeria

“…A study in Limpopo South Africa also reported a strong association between treatment regimen and outcome of TB treatment [25]. Also, some other studies showed a higher treatment outcome in those that had no drug resistant of any form [27] [43]. Patient category or type of patient at presentation was found to significantly affect the outcome of TB treatment with new cases at presentation having the highest success rate, (85.8%) while relapse cases having the least success rate, (29.8%).…”

“…Sengul et al, reported that high educational status was significantly associated with successful PTB treatment outcome [27]. Also, Kanugo et al (2015) [38] and Sadana et al (2015) [7] both reported that better treatment outcomes were seen among literate patients.…”

“…In Ibadan, Nigeria 76.6% of the TB patients had their disease cured, 8.6% defaulted and 6.6% died [16]. In studies done in other countries of the world, various success rates were reported, it was 82.7% in a study from Addis Ababa, Ethiopia [23], 66% in a study conducted in Thailand [24], 74.4% reported from Limpopo south province Africa [25], 83.4% reported in a teaching hospital in South India [26] and 92.6% reported from a single center experience in Turkey [27]. Several factors have been reported in previous studies to influence the treatment outcome of tuberculosis.…”

“…Several factors have been reported in previous studies to influence the treatment outcome of tuberculosis. Socio demographic factors reported in previous studies were age of patients [27]- [32], sex of patients [17] [43], presence of co-morbidities [28], hospitalization [28], sputum smear positivity at 3 months of treatment [28] [37], pre-treatment sputum result status [32] [42] [43], delay in treatment 42, HIV status of TB patients [19] [39] [44]- [46], bilateral radiologic lesions and cavities [28] [43]. Other factors reported were those related to type of health facility and house patient lived in [25] [39].…”