Factors affecting protozoan predation of bacteria clogging laboratory aquifer microcosms

DeLeo, Paul C.; Baveye, Philippe C.

doi:10.1080/01490459709378039

Cited by 50 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…In addition to these examples, when preyed on by the amoeba Acanthamoeba castellanii, Bacillus cells grow in large aggregates that resist phagocytosis (49). Also, a unique multicellular prokaryotic organization has recently been described in which 10 to 17 cells form a hollow spherical ball, which, among other things, may also protect the organism against predation (162).…”

Section: Selection For Multicellular Complexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Selective Value of Bacterial Shape

Young

2006

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

843

777

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SUMMARY Why do bacteria have shape? Is morphology valuable or just a trivial secondary characteristic? Why should bacteria have one shape instead of another? Three broad considerations suggest that bacterial shapes are not accidental but are biologically important: cells adopt uniform morphologies from among a wide variety of possibilities, some cells modify their shape as conditions demand, and morphology can be tracked through evolutionary lineages. All of these imply that shape is a selectable feature that aids survival. The aim of this review is to spell out the physical, environmental, and biological forces that favor different bacterial morphologies and which, therefore, contribute to natural selection. Specifically, cell shape is driven by eight general considerations: nutrient access, cell division and segregation, attachment to surfaces, passive dispersal, active motility, polar differentiation, the need to escape predators, and the advantages of cellular differentiation. Bacteria respond to these forces by performing a type of calculus, integrating over a number of environmental and behavioral factors to produce a size and shape that are optimal for the circumstances in which they live. Just as we are beginning to answer how bacteria create their shapes, it seems reasonable and essential that we expand our efforts to understand why they do so.

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Section: Selection For Multicellular Complexesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Selective Value of Bacterial Shape

Young

2006

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

843

777

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“…Bacteriophages (bacterial viruses) are parasitic to groundwater bacteria (Ackermann and DuBow 1987). Protozoans and invertebrates act as predators; bacteria are their prey (DeLeo and Baveye 1997;Sinclair and Alexander 1989).…”

Section: Metabolic Interactions Between Microbial Populationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review: Microbial biocenoses in pristine aquifers and an assessment of investigative methods

2006

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The current knowledge of microbial biocenoses (communities) in pristine aquifers is presented in a review, which also discusses their relevance for questions of groundwater protection. Aquifers are heterogeneous on all scales and structured in a variety of habitats. The void spaces in many aquifers are small. The biocenoses are thus predominantly composed of microorganisms and, often, microinvertebrates. Larger voids and macroorganisms occur in karst cavities. Due to the absence of light, the biocenoses depend on chemical energy resources, which are, however, scarce in non-contaminated groundwater. The microorganisms thus show small cell sizes, low population densities and reduced activity; they developed specific strategies to survive oligotrophic conditions. The review also discusses the impact of contamination on the biocenoses, and the potential use of the biocenoses or specific organisms as indicators for groundwater quality, and the limits of this approach. Bacteria are either planktonic or attached to aquifer material, which requires both fluid and solid phase sampling. Most groundwater bacteria are viable but non-culturable. Consequently, cultivation techniques give an incomplete picture of the biocenoses, while methods from molecular microbiology provide genetic fingerprints of the entire community. Different analytical methods are available to count microorganisms, identify species, characterise microbial diversity, and measure activity.Résumé Cette revue expose l'état actuel des connaissances concernant les biocénoses microbiennes présentes dans les aquifères oligotrophes. L'impact d'une contamination sur les biocénoses est discuté, ainsi que le potentiel que Les bactéries sont planctoniques ou attachées aux matériaux de l'aquifère, ce qui demande unéchantillonnagè a la fois de l'eau et du substrat. De nombreuses méthodes sont aujourd'hui disponibles pour le comptage, l'identification et la caractérisation de la diversité, ainsi que la mesure des activités des organismes des aquifères. Comme la grande majorité des bactéries est viable mais non cultivable, les techniques de cultures actuelles ne donnent qu'une image incomplète des communautés, alors que les méthodes moléculaires développées récemment offrent la possibilité d'obtenir un profil de la communauté plus complet.Resumen Se presentauna reseña crítica del conocimiento actual de biocenosis microbiana (comunidades) en acuíferos prístinos la cual también discute su relevancia en términos de protección de aguas subterráneas. Los acuíferos son heterogéneos en todas las escalas y estructurados en una variedad de habitats. Los espacios vacíos en muchos acuíferos son pequeños. La biocenosis está por lo tanto compuesta predominantemente por microorganismos y, frecuentemente, microinvertebrados. Espacios más grandes y macroorganismos ocurren en cavidades kársticas. Debido a la ausencia de luz la biocenosis depende de recursos energéticos químicos los cuales, sin embargo, son escasos en agua subterránea no contaminada. Los microorganismos muestran...

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“…For example, in laboratory studies, inhibition of the growth of protozoa has been shown to have a positive effect on degradation of trichloroethane (Cunningham et al 2009), but to have a negative effect on BTEX removal (Kota et al 1999). Protozoa also have the ability to decrease clogging in wells in some circumstances (DeLeo & Baveye 1997;Mattison et al 2002), and affect nitrogen cycling (Strauss & Dodds 1997) and carbon cycling In situ growth on emplaced materials, T-RFLP, DNA sequencing Boyd et al (2007) Glacial sands and gravels Mohamet aquifer, IL, USA Planktonic and attached bacterial communities were distinct (only 15% of species were common to both communities). There was no significant difference in the total number of species detected in each community.…”

Section: Global Studies Of Uncontaminated Aquifer Microbiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial communities in UK aquifers: current understanding and future research needs

Gregory

Maurice

West

et al. 2014

QJEGH

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The presence and activity of microorganisms in aquifers can affect, amongst other things, nutrient cycling, contaminant degradation and water flow. The introduction of a pollutant or other changes in water chemistry can alter the microbial community composition and affect aquifer functioning. To understand the microbial response to anthropogenically induced changes, a better knowledge of baseline microbial communities in uncontaminated aquifers is needed. Here, we review the information on microorganisms in UK aquifers together with examples of research from other countries on this topic, and discuss how these communities might respond to disturbance. Research into microbial communities in UK aquifers has mostly been limited to bacteria and often reveals a community dominated by Proteobacteria. The community composition is influenced by factors such as mineralogy and water chemistry, and the natural baseline community may be altered by aquifer contamination. A UK-wide survey of aquifer microbes, similar to one recently carried out in New Zealand, would provide valuable information about the current state of UK aquifer microbiology. This would lead to a greatly improved understanding of the ecosystem services provided by the microbial communities present in aquifers, allow future monitoring and assessment of the effects of pollution, and assist in groundwater resource management.

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Factors affecting protozoan predation of bacteria clogging laboratory aquifer microcosms

Cited by 50 publications

References 66 publications

The Selective Value of Bacterial Shape

The Selective Value of Bacterial Shape

Review: Microbial biocenoses in pristine aquifers and an assessment of investigative methods

Microbial communities in UK aquifers: current understanding and future research needs

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