Factors affecting pain intensity in a pain model based upon tonic intranasal stimulation in humans

Lötsch, Jörn; Ahne, Gabi; Kunder, J.; Kobal, Gerd; Hummel, Thomas

doi:10.1007/s000110050359

Cited by 22 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In order to solve the temperature problem in a quick and unconventional way, mobile baby bottle warmer can be used. Without adjusting humididy or temperature, the airflow should be restricted to 5 l/min to avoid an exceedance of the pain threshold (Loetsch et al, 1998). This design does not take respiratory recordings into account.…”

Section: Conclusion and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An extension of olfactometry methods: An expandable, fully automated, mobile, MRI-compatible olfactometer

Bestgen

Schulze

Kuchinke

et al. 2016

Journal of Neuroscience Methods

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Section: Conclusion and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An extension of olfactometry methods: An expandable, fully automated, mobile, MRI-compatible olfactometer

Bestgen

Schulze

Kuchinke

et al. 2016

Journal of Neuroscience Methods

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“…CO 2 is converted into bicarbonate and protons (Tarun et al, 2003), which have been shown to excite trigeminal nociceptors via activating TRPV1 (Reeh and Kress, 2001) or TRPA1 (Wang et al, 2010) ion channels. This pain model is well established for clinical pharmacological pain research (eg, Kobal et al, 1990;Lötsch et al, 1998Lötsch et al, , 2006 including fMRI assessments (Oertel et al, 2008).…”

Section: Experimental Pain and Stimulation Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain Mapping-Based Model of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Effects on Connectivity in the Pain Matrix

Walter

Oertel

Felden

et al. 2015

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Cannabinoids receive increasing interest as analgesic treatments. However, the clinical use of Δ 9 -tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ 9 -THC) has progressed with justified caution, which also owes to the incomplete mechanistic understanding of its analgesic effects, in particular its interference with the processing of sensory or affective components of pain. The present placebo-controlled crossover study therefore focused on the effects of 20 mg oral THC on the connectivity between brain areas of the pain matrix following experimental stimulation of trigeminal nocisensors in 15 non-addicted healthy volunteers. A general linear model (GLM) analysis identified reduced activations in the hippocampus and the anterior insula following THC administration. However, assessment of psychophysiological interaction (PPI) revealed that the effects of THC first consisted in a weakening of the interaction between the thalamus and the secondary somatosensory cortex (S2). From there, dynamic causal modeling (DCM) was employed to infer that THC attenuated the connections to the hippocampus and to the anterior insula, suggesting that the reduced activations in these regions are secondary to a reduction of the connectivity from somatosensory regions by THC. These findings may have consequences for the way THC effects are currently interpreted: as cannabinoids are increasingly considered in pain treatment, present results provide relevant information about how THC interferes with the affective component of pain. Specifically, the present experiment suggests that THC does not selectively affect limbic regions, but rather interferes with sensory processing which in turn reduces sensory-limbic connectivity, leading to deactivation of affective regions.

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“…Their nociceptive specificity is supported by showing in a magnetoencephalography experiment that they evoke cortical potentials generated in the pain relevant secondary somatosensory area (Huttunen et al, 1986). The pain model used is well established (Kobal et al, 1990;Lötsch J et al, 1998;Lötsch J et al, 2006) including fMRI assessments (Small et al, 2005;Oertel et al, 2008).…”

Section: Pain Stimulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extended cortical activations during evaluating successive pain stimuli

Lötsch

Walter

Felden

et al. 2011

Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience

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Comparing pain is done in daily life and involves short-term memorizing and attention focusing. This event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging study investigated the short-term brain activations associated with the comparison of pain stimuli using a delayed discrimination paradigm. Fourteen healthy young volunteers compared two successive pain stimuli administered at a 10 s interval to the same location at the nasal mucosa. Fourteen age-and sex-matched subjects received similar pain stimuli without performing the comparison task. With the comparison task, the activations associated with the second pain stimulus were significantly greater than with the first stimulus in the anterior insular cortex and the primary somatosensory area. This was observed on the background of a generally increased stimulus-associated brain activation in the presence of the comparison task that included regions of the pain matrix (insular cortex, primary and secondary somatosensory area, midcingulate cortex, supplemental motor area) and regions associated with attention, decision making, working memory and body recognition (frontal and temporal gyri, inferior parietal lobule, precuneus, lingual cortices). This data provides a cerebral correlate for the role of pain as a biological alerting system that gains the subject's attention and then dominates most other perceptions and activities involving pain-specific and non-pain-specific brain regions.

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Factors affecting pain intensity in a pain model based upon tonic intranasal stimulation in humans

Abstract: The non-invasive pain stimulus was found to be easily applicable and the evoked pain sensation could be modified by variation of humidity and temperature of the air-stream.

Cited by 22 publications

References 19 publications

An extension of olfactometry methods: An expandable, fully automated, mobile, MRI-compatible olfactometer

An extension of olfactometry methods: An expandable, fully automated, mobile, MRI-compatible olfactometer

Brain Mapping-Based Model of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Effects on Connectivity in the Pain Matrix

Extended cortical activations during evaluating successive pain stimuli

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