Factores de riesgo de la infección por Giardia lamblia en niños de guarderías infantiles de Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba

Núñez, Fidel A.; López, Jorge Luis; Cruz, Ana Margarita de la; Finlay, Carlos M.

doi:10.1590/s0102-311x2003000200036

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…In the present study, even in the multivariate analysis, Giardia infection was found to be significantly associated with the eating of raw, unwashed vegetables. In Cuba, in their longitudinal study based in three day-care centres in Havana City, Nú ñ ez et al (1999) identified a group of children who were at relatively high risk of being re-infected with Giardia, and this high risk was subsequently linked to the drinking of unboiled tap water and (in the children's households) poor hygiene during the preparation of vegetables (Nú ñ ez et al, 2003b). In Malaysia, similarly, Mohammed Mahdy et al (2008) found the eating of raw vegetables to be significantly associated with the risk of giardiasis, and the results of a case-control study in the U.K. (Stuart et al, 2003) also indicated that the eating of green salad (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Cuba, Giardia infection in children has been widely reported (Nú ñ ez et al, 1999(Nú ñ ez et al, , 2003bMendoza et al, 2001Mendoza et al, , 2003Escobedo et al, 2007) but data on the epidemiology of, and disease burden posed by, symptomatic giardiasis in paediatric patients is scarce. The aim of the present study was to identify the risk factors associated with Giardia infection in hospitalized children in the city of Havana.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Risk factors forGiardiainfection among hospitalized children in Cuba

Bello¹,

Núñez

González

et al. 2011

Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology

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The risk factors associated with Giardia infection, in children hospitalized in Havana, Cuba, were recently explored. Children aged >5 years were more likely to be positive for Giardia infection than the younger children, with an odds ratio (OR) of 3.41 [95% confidence interval (CI)51.36-9.69]. The risk factors found to be associated with Giardia infection in univariate analyses were rural residence (OR53.01; CI51.23-7.35), belonging to a household that did not receive water from an aqueduct (OR53.27; CI51.21-8.91), drinking unboiled water (OR53.64; CI52.14-6.26), nail biting (OR53.47; CI51.97-6.08), eating unwashed vegetables raw (OR54.84; CI52.33-10.14), and a personal (OR53.23; CI51.58-6.59) or family history (OR53.96; CI51.53-10.47) of previous parasitic infection. In multivariate analyses, however, only two (modifiable) risk factors were found to be independently and significantly associated with Giardia infection: nail biting and eating unwashed vegetables raw. It therefore seems that, at least at the individual level, giardiasis-prevention activities in Havana should be focussed on health education to improve personal hygiene and food-related practices. If appropriately managed, the surveillance of drinking water and foodstuffs, for Giardia and other parasites, might also help to reduce the hospitalization of Cuban children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors forGiardiainfection among hospitalized children in Cuba

Bello¹,

Núñez

González

et al. 2011

Annals of Tropical Medicine & Parasitology

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“…Populations at increased risk of autochthonous infection include small children in day care centres [11-13], men who have sex with men [14-18] and persons in custodial institutions [19,20]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics and risk factors for symptomatic Giardia lamblia infections in Germany

et al. 2010

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BackgroundIn developed countries, giardiasis is considered a travel related disease. However, routine surveillance data from Germany indicate that >50% of infections were acquired indigenously. We studied the epidemiological characteristics of symptomatic Giardia infections acquired in Germany and abroad, and verified the proportion of cases acquired in Germany in order to investigate risk factors for sporadic autochthonous Giardia infections.MethodsWe identified Giardia cases notified by 41 local health authorities between February 2007 and January 2008 and interviewed them on their clinical symptoms, underlying morbidities, travel abroad and potential risk factors for the disease. We conducted a case-control-study including laboratory-confirmed (microscopy or antigen-test) autochthonous Giardia cases with clinical manifestations (diarrhoea, cramps, bloating) and randomly selected controls from the local population registry matched by county of residence and age-group (0-5, 6-19, ≥20 years). Secondary cases, controls with diarrhoea and persons who had travelled outside Germany in the three weeks prior to disease onset (exposure period) were excluded. We calculated adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) using conditional logistic regression.ResultsOf 273 interviewed cases, 131 (48%) had not travelled abroad during the defined exposure period. Of these 131, 85 (65%) were male, 68 (54%) were living in communities with >100,000 inhabitants and 107 (83%) were aged 20 years or older. We included 120 cases and 240 controls in the case-control study. Cases were more likely to be male (aOR 2.5 CI 1.4-4.4), immunocompromised (aOR 15.3 CI 1.8-127) and daily consumers of green salad (aOR 2.9 CI 1.2-7.2). Contact with animals (pets/farm animals) and exposure to surface water (swimming/water sports) were not associated with symptomatic disease.ConclusionsA substantial proportion of Giardia lamblia cases in Germany are indigenously acquired. Symptomatic cases are significantly more likely to be immunocompromised than control persons from the general population. Physicians should consider Giardia infections among patients with no recent history of travel abroad, particularly if they have immune deficiencies. Green salads may be an important vehicle of infection. Information campaigns highlighting this food-borne risk should emphasise the risk to persons with immune deficiencies.

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“…A despeito da escolaridade dos responsáveis não ter se mostrado significativa na ocorrência de parasitoses intestinais, outros autores apontam esse fator como indicador de maior suscetibilidade às parasitoses 4,17,18,19 . Ele também retrata aspectos da condição socioeconômica da população carente de informações, dentre elas as formas de prevenção das doenças parasitárias que interferem no desenvolvimento físico, mental e emocional das crianças, alertando para a necessidade de maior investimento no ensino ofertado à população 17,18,20 .…”

Section: Parasitosunclassified

Epidemiologia Das Parasitoses Intestinais Em Crianças De Creches De Rio Verde-Go

Zaiden

Santos

Cano

et al. 2008

Medicina (Ribeirão Preto)

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RESUMO: O estudo teve como objetivos avaliar os fatores de risco e a prevalência das parasitoses intestinais em 276 crianças de 0 a 6 anos de creches municipais de Rio Verde-GO. As amostras foram obtidas no primeiro trimestre de 2005 e submetidas aos métodos diagnós-ticos de Hoffman, Pons e Janer e de Faust e as informações acerca dos fatores de risco foram obtidas junto às mães e/ou responsáveis através de um questionário. A maior prevalência foi em crianças na faixa etária de quatro anos, do sexo feminino, procedentes do próprio bairro onde a creche estava localizada, cujos responsáveis possuíam escolaridade fundamental incompleta. O protozoário Giardia lamblia foi o mais prevalente, seguido por Entamoeba coli e associação entre ambos, com diferença estatística significante entre as creches. O contato com solo foi outro fator de risco significativo para prevalência de parasitoses intestinais. Os resultados apontam para a importância da melhoria das condições socioeconômicas e sanitárias e do saneamento básico por meio de ações a serem implementadas em programas de promoção de saúde.Descritores: Parasitos. Criança. Creches. Epidemiologia. Prevalência. 1-INTRODUÇÃOAs parasitoses intestinais provocadas por protozoários e helmintos são infestações que podem desencadear alterações no estado físico, psicossomáti-co e social, interferindo diretamente na qualidade de vida de seus portadores, principalmente em crianças de classes sociais mais baixas, com precárias condições sanitárias, maus hábitos de higiene, em situação de desnutrição e em locais de aglomerações tais como creches, escolas, asilos e orfanatos, pela facilidade de contaminação e disseminação. A presença desses agentes etiológicos pode aumentar sobremaneira, tanto em quantidade quanto em qualidade, conforme as alterações ambientais sejam favoráveis à presença e manutenção concomitante de diversos tipos de parasitas, resultando no poliparasitismo, situação debilitante para o indivíduo [1][2][3][4][5][6] .O equacionamento deste problema de saúde pública esbarra na necessidade de conhecimento da realidade e dos fatores de risco que favorecem o surgimento, a manutenção e a propagação desses agentes, dentre os quais se destacam as condições de moradia e saneamento básico da população exposta, os hábitos alimentares, de higiene pessoal, de contato com o solo e a presença de reservatórios no local.

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Factores de riesgo de la infección por Giardia lamblia en niños de guarderías infantiles de Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba

Abstract: We conducted a longitudinal study on giardiasis in three daycare centers in HavanaCity for a period of 18 months and described a group of children with a "predisposition" or tendency towards re-infection with Giardia lamblia.

Cited by 18 publications

References 14 publications

Risk factors forGiardiainfection among hospitalized children in Cuba

Risk factors forGiardiainfection among hospitalized children in Cuba

Characteristics and risk factors for symptomatic Giardia lamblia infections in Germany

Epidemiologia Das Parasitoses Intestinais Em Crianças De Creches De Rio Verde-Go

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