Factor structure of the General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28) from infertile women attending the Yazd Research and Clinical Center for Infertility

Abstract

Background:Nowadays, infertility problems have become a social concern, and are associated with multiple psychological and social problems. Also, it affects the interpersonal communication between the individual, familial, and social characteristics. Since women are exposed to stressors of physical, mental, social factors, and treatment of infertility, providing a psychometric screening tool is necessary for disorders of this group. Objective:The aim of this study was to determine the factor structure of the general health questionnaire-28 to discover mental disorders in infertile women.Materials and Methods: In this study, 220 infertile women undergoing treatment of infertility were selected from the Yazd Research and Clinical Center for Infertility with convenience sampling in 2011. After completing the general health questionnaire by the project manager, validity and, reliability of the questionnaire were calculated by confirmatory factor structure and Cronbach's alpha, respectively.Results:Four factors, including anxiety and insomnia, social dysfunction, depression, and physical symptoms were extracted from the factor structure. 50.12% of the total variance was explained by four factors. The reliability coefficient of the questionnaire was obtained 0.90.Conclusion:Analysis of the factor structure and reliability of General Health Questionnaire-28 showed that it is suitable as a screening instrument for assessing general health of infertile women.

The Effect of Orthodontic Intervention on Mental Health and Body Image

“…The data collection instruments included a researcher-designed demographic characteristics form along with two specific questionnaires evaluating mental health (GHQ) and body image (MBSRQ) because they are reliable and valid tools for Iranian population [ 12 ] [ 13 ] [ 14 ].…”

“…Moreover, there was a score for each subscale, and a score was also assigned to the total score of individuals [ 12 ]. This questionnaire had been already used in Iran, and its internal consistency using Cronbach’s alpha method had been reported [ 13 ]. Also, this scale has been standardised for the Iranians [ 12 ].…”

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“…This is a 28-item questionnaire recommended for screening the assessment of psychiatric morbidity that has been translated into Persian and the reported Cronbach's alpha for the Iranian population was 0.85 (20). A higher score is indicative of poorer health with a score of 7 and above seen as the threshold that warrants further investigation.…”

“…The practice was done through audience-response analysis and post-it note technique for individual counseling with interdisciplinary experts' supervision (21). All participants completed the GHQ-28 and demographic questionnaires (20). They provided informed consent allowing the use of their input in the present and further analyses.…”

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“…The questionnaire could be completed in 10 to 12 minutes and GHQ-28 scores higher than 6 indicated severe psychiatric disorder. Iranian studies have also determined a high reliability (Cronbach's alpha of 0.87 to 0.97) for the Persian version (24)(25)(26) (8 questions), which are scored using 3 options (never, sometimes, and often). Sum of the total scores represents Global Executive Composite (GEC).…”