Facing Repeated Stressors in a Motor Task: Does it Enhance or Diminish Resilience?

Yperen, Nico W. Van; Hartigh, Ruud den

doi:10.1080/00222895.2020.1852155

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Another topic that has gained significant interest in the past two decades is how complexity, adaptation, and resilience may be improved in human behavior (e.g., Schöllhorn et al, 2012;Kiefer and Myer, 2015;Almurad et al, 2018;Hill et al, 2020b). According to various researchers, system complexity can be improved by exploiting variability (e.g., Van Emmerik and Van Wegen, 2000;Riley and Turvey, 2002;Davids et al, 2003;Stergiou and Decker, 2011;Schöllhorn et al, 2012;Seifert et al, 2013;Liu et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relation Between Complexity and Resilient Motor Performance and the Effects of Differential Learning

Hartigh

Otten

Gruszczynska

2021

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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Complex systems typically demonstrate a mixture of regularity and flexibility in their behavior, which would make them adaptive. At the same time, adapting to perturbations is a core characteristic of resilience. The first aim of the current research was therefore to test the possible relation between complexity and resilient motor performance (i.e., performance while being perturbed). The second aim was to test whether complexity and resilient performance improve through differential learning. To address our aims, we designed two parallel experiments involving a motor task, in which participants moved a stick with their non-dominant hand along a slider. Participants could score points by moving a cursor as fast and accurately as possible between two boxes, positioned on the right- and left side of the screen in front of them. In a first session, we determined the complexity by analyzing the temporal structure of variation in the box-to-box movement intervals with a Detrended Fluctuation Analysis. Then, we introduced perturbations to the task: We altered the tracking speed of the cursor relative to the stick-movements briefly (i.e., 4 s) at intervals of 1 min (Experiment 1), or we induced a prolonged change of the tracking speed each minute (Experiment 2). Subsequently, participants had three sessions of either classical learning or differential learning. Participants in the classical learning condition were trained to perform the ideal movement pattern, whereas those in the differential learning condition had to perform additional and irrelevant movements. Finally, we conducted a posttest that was the same as the first session. In both experiments, results showed moderate positive correlations between complexity and points scored (i.e., box touches) in the perturbation-period of the first session. Across the two experiments, only differential learning led to a higher complexity index (i.e., more prominent patterns of pink noise) from baseline to post-test. Unexpectedly, the classical learning group improved more in their resilient performance than the differential learning group. Together, this research provides empirical support for the relation between complexity and resilience, and between complexity and differential learning in human motor performance, which should be examined further.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relation Between Complexity and Resilient Motor Performance and the Effects of Differential Learning

Hartigh

Otten

Gruszczynska

2021

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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“…Apart from such experimental studies, a recent study successfully applied AUC analysis to individual’s daily affective states in order to predict changes in resilience across longer periods of time (Kuranova et al, 2020 ). Finally, resilience changes in motor performance have been determined based on a comparable analysis (Hill, Van Yperen, et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Bouncing Back In the Physical Domainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resilience in sports: a multidisciplinary, dynamic, and personalized perspective

Hartigh

Meerhoff

Yperen

et al. 2022

International Review of Sport and Exercise Psychology

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Athletes are exposed to various psychological and physiological stressors, such as losing matches and high training loads. Understanding and improving the resilience of athletes is therefore crucial to prevent performance decrements and psychological or physical problems. In this review, resilience is conceptualized as a dynamic process of bouncing back to normal functioning following stressors. This process has been of wide interest in psychology, but also in the physiology and sports science literature (e.g. load and recovery). To improve our understanding of the process of resilience, we argue for a collaborative synthesis of knowledge from the domains of psychology, physiology, sports science, and data science. Accordingly, we propose a multidisciplinary, dynamic, and personalized research agenda on resilience. We explain how new technologies and data science applications are important future trends (1) to detect warning signals for resilience losses in (combinations of) psychological and physiological changes, and (2) to provide athletes and their coaches with personalized feedback about athletes’ resilience.

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“…Effective training involves a systematic and goaloriented execution of exercises for the acquisition or increase of specific competences and skills [11]. The general idea of training is to challenge the current level of performance (e.g., higher intensity, higher difficulty, new content) without being too overwhelming, so that the trainee can adapt and reach a higher performance level [11][12][13][14][15]. However, training resources, including time, budget, and facilities, are usually limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparing medical first responders for crises: a systematic literature review of disaster training programs and their effectiveness

Baetzner

Wespi

Sauter

et al. 2022

Scand J Trauma Resusc Emerg Med

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Background Adequate training and preparation of medical first responders (MFRs) are essential for an optimal performance in highly demanding situations like disasters (e.g., mass accidents, natural catastrophes). The training needs to be as effective as possible, because precise and effective behavior of MFRs under stress is central for ensuring patients’ survival and recovery. This systematic review offers an overview of scientifically evaluated training methods used to prepare MFRs for disasters. It identifies different effectiveness indicators and provides an additional analysis of how and to what extent the innovative training technologies virtual (VR) and mixed reality (MR) are included in disaster training research. Methods The systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines and focused specifically on (quasi-)experimental studies published between January 2010 and September 2021. The literature search was conducted via Web of Science and PubMed and led to the inclusion of 55 articles. Results The search identified several types of training, including traditional (e.g., lectures, real-life scenario training) and technology-based training (e.g., computer-based learning, educational videos). Most trainings consisted of more than one method. The effectiveness of the trainings was mainly assessed through pre-post comparisons of knowledge tests or self-reported measures although some studies also used behavioral performance measures (e.g., triage accuracy). While all methods demonstrated effectiveness, the literature indicates that technology-based methods often lead to similar or greater training outcomes than traditional trainings. Currently, few studies systematically evaluated immersive VR and MR training. Conclusion To determine the success of a training, proper and scientifically sound evaluation is necessary. Of the effectiveness indicators found, performance assessments in simulated scenarios are closest to the target behavior during real disasters. For valid yet inexpensive evaluations, objectively assessible performance measures, such as accuracy, time, and order of actions could be used. However, performance assessments have not been applied often. Furthermore, we found that technology-based training methods represent a promising approach to train many MFRs repeatedly and efficiently. These technologies offer great potential to supplement or partially replace traditional training. Further research is needed on those methods that have been underrepresented, especially serious gaming, immersive VR, and MR.

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Facing Repeated Stressors in a Motor Task: Does it Enhance or Diminish Resilience?

Cited by 9 publications

References 55 publications

The Relation Between Complexity and Resilient Motor Performance and the Effects of Differential Learning

The Relation Between Complexity and Resilient Motor Performance and the Effects of Differential Learning

Resilience in sports: a multidisciplinary, dynamic, and personalized perspective

Preparing medical first responders for crises: a systematic literature review of disaster training programs and their effectiveness

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