Facility for the measurement of proton polarization in nuclear reactions

Evidence of Time-Symmetry Violation in the Interaction of Nuclear Particles

“…+ Q) energies and the energy widths were not identical for the P and A measurements, an excitation function A(Ep' e 1 = 37°) was measured in the 9 Be(p, 3 He) 11 B reaction at an angle near the peak of the A( e) angular distribution of Fig. 2 .…”

Evidence of Time-Symmetry Violation in the Interaction of Nuclear Particles.

“…Experimental spectra in both the P and A measurements are shown in Fig Since the (EC.M. + Q) energies and the energy widths were not identical for the P and A measurements, an excitation function A(Ep' e 1 = 37°) was measured in the 9 Be(p, 3 He) 11 and for the non-uniform slit illumination (2) The asynnnetry e: 2 at a i = 45° and bZ = 0. 002", for example, is approximately 0.005 for the Laval geometry and 0.003 for that of Berkeley.…”

“…The reactions chosen for the P-A comparison were the two-nucleon transfers 7 LieHe,p) 9 Be and 9 Be(3He,p) 11 B, with 14 MeV incident 3 He ions, and their inverses studied at the same CM energies o The Q-values are large implying considerable mass, energy and momentum rearrangement ..…”

“…The measurements of proton polarizations in eHe ,p) reactions were mostly perfon:ned at the Van de Graaff Laboratory of Universite Laval, using a facility based on Si-polarimeters 3 ) and results have been already pu-blished4). The analyzing powers in (p, 3 He) were measured at the Berkeley polarized beam facility of the 88"•cyclotron 5 ). The 3 He detection was…”

“…• effected with two pairs of nominal (20p, 200}.1) Si ~detector telescopes and particle identification. The calibration of the particle identifier spectra was performed with the reaction '+He(p, 3 He) 2 H. The proton polarization lV"as reversed several times per second with R.F. transitions.…”