Facile Wearable Vapor/Liquid Amphibious Methanol Sensor

Abstract

Detection of methanol is a significant segment for body health and work safety in the production of chemical industry. However, there hardly exists highly selective methanol detection system with green environment for vapor or liquid adaptability, as well as large linear relationship. A facile wearable vapor/liquid amphibious electrochemical sensor for monitoring methanol has been carried out for the first time in this Article. This wearable methanol sensor was fabricated by using a simple screen-printing technology for accomplishing a microdevice platform, showing good linear relationship, high selectivity (multiple volatile chemical compounds), reliable repeatability, good stability, and excellent stretching and bending performance (nitrile glove-based sensor) without pretreatment or adding any polymers into inks. Owing to its good environmental adaptability of vapor or liquid and various sensing behaviors (high sensitivity and wide linear range) by being modified with different content of platinum catalyst, this methanol sensor would have tremendous potential application for environmental monitoring on smart wearable devices when employed based on various platforms (such as PET, cotton, and nitrile gloves).

Self-Powered Portable Electronic Reader for Point-of-Care Amperometric Measurements

“…In order to validate the operation of the e-reader, we emulated different FCs and sensors reported in the literature(Figure 4). We emulated FCs and sensors based on urine/Cr(VI) [41] and methanol [51,52] by using a source measurement unit (SMU). Moreover, we carried out experimental tests with an emulated ethanol FC as a sensor [40] and a commercial ethanol FC as a power source.…”

“…The emulated sensor is reported in [52]. It is a wearable vapor/liquid amphibious electrochemical sensor for monitoring methanol.…”

Recent Progress in Nanomaterial Enabled Chemical Sensors for Wearable Environmental Monitoring Applications

“…[129][130][131] Several recent WCESs utilized degradable substrates including PDMS, [48,81,[96][97][98][99] CY, [25,[103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110] CF, [111,112] wool, [22] PY, [104,106,109,113] nanopaper, [115] filter paper, [116,117] and photopaper. [118] Apart from these, some studies employed other nanomaterials for the substrates of WCES both from the organic nanomaterials, e.g., nitrile gloves, [132][133][134] nylon rope, [135] polyacrylonitrile (PAN), [136,137] poly(styrene-butadiene-styrene) (PSBS) fiber, [138] and inorganic nanomaterials, e.g., alumina thin film, [139] copper tape, [140] indium tin oxide (ITO) nanosheet (NS), [141] and Ti foils. [142]…”

“…Carbon-based nanostructures have become an attractive alternative as electrode material even though their less conductive nature compare to metal. Several recent WCESs used different carbon allotropes for producing interconnects with various nanomaterial shape including 0D, e.g., carbon black [73,120,133,134] and carbon paste, [90] 1D, e.g., single-wall carbon nanotube (SWCNT) [118] and multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT), [87,103] 2D, e.g., graphene [48,75,80,98,160] and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), [71,107] and 3D graphite ink. [117] Alternatively, conductive polymers have also been adopted by the researchers as electrode materials due to their intrinsic electrical conductivity properties that can be tuned from ≈ 1 × 10 −9 to ≈ 1 × 10 5 S cm −1 .…”

“…To subdue the limitations of using single material as well as to get the better from different materials, many studies have adopted a combination of materials called nanocomposites to fabricate electrodes. A number of recent WCESs used various nanocomposites as electrodes material including poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):polysty rene sulfonate (PEDOT:PSS)/PU film, [99] AgNW-graphene, [81] Carbon/Prussian blue (PB), [73] Ag/AgCl, [73,75,117,120,133,134] carbon paste-Ag/AgCl, [90] and Ag/AgCl/Ecoflex. [87]…”